Baltic Sea cruiseferries

The Baltic Sea is crossed by several cruiseferry lines. Some important shipping companies are Viking Line, Silja Line, Tallink, St. Peter Line, Eckerö Line and Birka Line.

MS Silja Symphony passing through the Kustaanmiekka strait outside Helsinki, Finland on its route to Stockholm, Sweden via Mariehamn.

Eastern Baltic
Upon departure from or arrival to Helsinki, Baltic sea cruiseferries pass the island fortress of Suomenlinna.

Tallink and Viking Line operate competing cruiseferries on the routes Stockholm - Turku and Stockholm - Helsinki, calling in Åland (Mariehamn or Långnäs). Additionally, Tallink sails Stockholm - Mariehamn - Tallinn and Stockholm - Riga. Tallink, Viking Line and Eckerö Line compete on the Helsinki - Tallinn route, which is also the busiest route in the Baltic Sea, travelled by over 6 million people in 2008.[1]

Baltic routes are mostly served by new ships purpose-built for the routes. Older cruiseferries from the Baltic serve as ferries on other seas, or in some cases, as cruise ships.

Viking Line and Eckerölinjen also operate short routes from Sweden to Åland, sailing on Kapellskär - Mariehamn and Grisslehamn - Berghamn. Birka Line, owned by Eckerö, also operates short cruises out of Stockholm.

Generally, GTS Finnjet of 1977 is considered to have been the first cruiseferry, she was the first ferry to offer cruise-ship quality services and accommodations, and the first generation of cruiseferries operating from Finland to Sweden were highly influenced by Finnjet's interior and exterior designs. After the fall of the Soviet Union the route connecting Helsinki to Tallinn became highly lucrative, which led to Estonia-based company Tallink to grow and rival the two long-established companies (Viking Line and Silja Line). Eventually, Tallink purchased Silja Line in 2006.

The size of Baltic cruiseferries is limited by various narrow passages in the Stockholm, Ålandian and Turku archipelagos, meaning ships not much in excess of 200 meters cannot traffic on these routes. The single narrowest point is Kustaanmiekka strait outside Helsinki, although ships making port at the city's west harbour do not have to pass through the strait. Viking and Silja Line have wished to keep their terminals in the South Harbour, however, as it is located right next to the city center. The longest ships to maintain scheduled service through the Kustaanmiekka strait were MS Finnstar and her sisters with a length of 219 meters. The longest ship to have ever navigated through the narrows past Suomenlinna sea fortress was MS Oriana (260 m), but that was only possible due to extremely good weather conditions.

Tax-free sales
To allow for duty-free sales on routes between Finland and Sweden, Baltic Sea cruiseferries stop at the Åland Islands on the way. This often happens in the middle of the night, and the ships stay at the Åland Islands for less than an hour.

The expansion of the European Union has limited the growth of the industry as duty-free sales on intra-EU routes are no longer possible. However, as the Åland Islands are outside the EU customs zone, duty-free sales are still possible on routes making a stop at Mariehamn or other harbours on the islands. Another popular destination is Estonia with its lower taxes on alcohol.

The ferries have been criticized because of the low prices of alcoholic beverages which encourage passengers to become drunk and act irresponsibly. Due to the relatively cheap price of the cruises and availability of duty-free alcohol (which makes it considerably cheaper than on "land" as both Finland and Sweden have a relatively strict taxation of alcohol) many big parties involving vast amounts of alcohol consumption are held on the ships.[2]

Many Finns also buy snus from ferries as its sale is illegal in Finland due to EU regulations.

Accidents
  • 14 January 1993, MS Jan Heweliusz sank near Rügen island, claiming 55 lives.
  • 4 March 1994, MS Sally Albatros ran aground near Porkkala, causing her to partly sink.
  • 28 September 1994, MS Estonia sank claiming 852 lives.
  • 19 January 2009, MS Rosella had to anchor just outside Mariehamn, Åland due to water in its fuel. When weighing the anchor, she hooked the cables of internet traffic to Åland.[3]
  • 29 August 2009, a fire was extinguished on MS Finnfellow, carrying 74 passengers at the time.[4]
  • 9 October 2010, MS Lisco Gloria caught fire while travelling through Fehmarn Belt. All 204 passengers and 32 crewmembers were rescued, but the ship was deemed a constructive total loss.
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References

Notes
  1. Archived 2010-03-26 at the Wayback Machine, The busiest crossing.
  2. Silja Line: Special Cruises Archived 2009-11-28 at the Wayback Machine (Swedish)
  3. Fakta om fartyg: "M/S Rosella". (Swedish)
  4. DN: Brand på färja utanför Åland (Swedish)

Bibliography
  • Peter, Bruce (2009). Baltic Ferries. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications. ISBN 9781906608057.
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