Rudolph Stauffer

First Sergeant Rudolph Stauffer (November 27, 1836 – June 9, 1918) was a Swiss-born American soldier in the U.S. Army who served with the 5th U.S. Cavalry in the Apache Wars. He was one of twelve soldiers, along with ten Apache Scouts, awarded the Medal of Honor during Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's "winter campaign" of 1872-73, being cited for gallantry in battle against renegade Apaches near Camp Hualpai. Charles King, while serving with the 5th U.S. Cavalry in his youth, wrote of him in his memoirs as "grim old Stauffer, the first sergeant".

Rudolph Stauffer
Born(1836-11-27)November 27, 1836
Bern, Switzerland
DiedJune 9, 1918(1918-06-09) (aged 81)
Washington, D.C., United States
Place of burial
United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery
AllegianceUnited States of America
Service/branchUnited States Army
Years of service1855–1878
RankFirst Sergeant
Unit5th U.S. Cavalry
Battles/warsIndian Wars
Apache Wars
AwardsMedal of Honor

Biography

Rudolph Stauffer was born in Bern, Switzerland, on November 27, 1836. He later emigrated to the United States and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio.

On June 24, 1855, he enlisted in the United States Army and was eventually assigned to Company K of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry Regiment (which later became 5th U.S. Cavalry Regiment). By the early 1870s, a "typical hard-bitten noncommissioned officer of the old cavalry", he had risen to the rank of first sergeant.[1]

Stauffer was posted at Camp Hualpai in the Arizona Territory during the Apache Wars.[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] On May 19, 1872, he led a small cavalry force, along with Ed Clark and Dan O'Leary, after an Apache raiding party which had stolen cattle from a ranch in Williamson Valley. Stauffer and the cavalry troopers pursued the raiders eastward over a distance of 110 miles when, according to Lieutenant Colonel George Crook, a "terrible fight occurred". Two soldiers were wounded, four renegades were killed, and one head of cattle was recovered.[9] A month later, he was involved in another engagement with the Apaches when, on June 30, he and several other soldiers held off the hostile Indians from a butte near Camp Verde; the location was later named "Stauffer's Butte" in his honor. Stauffer was also presented with the Medal of Honor for his leadership during the battle.[10]

In November of that year, Stauffer was part of Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's so-called "winter campaign" against renegades still active after the surrender of Cochise in late-1872. He was one of 12 cavalrymen, along with 10 Apache scouts, who guided Crook's columns in the mountainous area of the Tonto Basin where Western Apache and Yavapai bands used as a base for raiding parties and had successfully eluded the U.S. Army for a number of years. Stauffer was among the scouts cited for "gallant conduct during the campaigns and engagements with Apaches", many of whom would also be awarded the Medal of Honor,[2][4][5][8][9] which he received on July 30, 1875.[3][6][7]

After leaving the army on December 11, 1878, Stauffer retired to the Soldiers' Home in Washington, D.C. where he lived until his death on June 9, 1918, at the age of 81. A lifelong bachelor, he has no known descendants.[10] He is one of 22 Medal of Honor recipients, along with three other veterans of the Apache Wars, interred at the United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery.[1][8][9]

Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: First Sergeant, Company K, 5th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: Near Camp Hualpai, Ariz., 1872. Entered service at: --. Birth: Switzerland. Date of issue: 30 July 1875.

Citation:

Gallantry on scouts after Indians.[11]

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See also

References
  1. Holt, Dean W. American Military Cemeteries: A Comprehensive Illustrated Guide to the Hallowed Grounds of the United States, including Cemeteries Overseas. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 1992. (pg. 343) ISBN 0-89950-666-6
  2. Beyer, Walter F. and Oscar Frederick Keydel, ed. Deeds of Valor: From Records in the Archives of the United States Government; how American Heroes Won the Medal of Honor; History of Our Recent Wars and Explorations, from Personal Reminiscences and Records of Officers and Enlisted Men who Were Rewarded by Congress for Most Conspicuous Acts of Bravery on the Battle-field, on the High Seas and in Arctic Explorations. Vol. 2. Detroit: Perrien-Keydel Company, 1906. (pg. 553)
  3. Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs. Medal of Honor recipients, 1863-1978, 96th Cong., 1st sess. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1979. (pg. 316, 1067)
  4. O'Neal, Bill. Fighting Men of the Indian Wars: A Biographical Encyclopedia of the Mountain Men, Soldiers, Cowboys, and Pioneers Who Took Up Arms During America's Westward Expansion. Stillwater, Oklahoma: Barbed Wire Press, 1991. (pg. 28) ISBN 0-935269-07-X
  5. Yenne, Bill. Indian Wars: The Campaign for the American West. Yardley, Pennsylvania: Westholme Publishing, 2006. (pg. 144) ISBN 1-59416-016-3
  6. Army Times Publishing Company. "Military Times Hall of Valor: Rudolph Stauffer". Awards and Citations: Medal of Honor. MilitaryTimes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  7. Sterner, C. Douglas (1999). "MOH Citation for Rudolph Stauffer". MOH Recipients: Indian Campaigns. HomeofHeroes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  8. Sterner, C. Douglas (1999). "Photo of Grave site of MOH Recipient". Medal of Honor Recipient Gravesites In Washington, D.C. HomeofHeroes.com. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  9. Thrapp, Dan L. Conquest of Apacheria. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1975. (pg. 114) ISBN 0-8061-1286-7
  10. Thrapp, Dan L. Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography: P-Z. Vol. III. Norman: University of Nebraska Press, 1991. (pg. 1360) ISBN 0-8032-9420-4
  11. "Medal of Honor recipients". Indian War Campaigns. United States Army Center of Military History. June 8, 2009. Retrieved June 29, 2009.

Further reading
  • Bailey, John W. The Life and Works of General Charles King, 1844-1933. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1998. ISBN 0-7734-8356-X
  • Michno, Gregory F. Encyclopedia of Indian Wars: Western Battles and Skirmishes, 1850-1890. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-87842-468-7
  • Price, George F. Across the Continent with the Fifth Cavalry. New York: Antiquarian Press, 1959.
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