Route 46 Passaic River Bridge

The Route 46 Passaic River Bridge can refer to a number of bridges that carry U.S. Route 46 (US 46) over the Passaic River in Northern New Jersey. US 46 was originally developed as Route 6 under the direction of Morris Goodkind who was chief engineer of the New Jersey Highway Department (predecessor to the New Jersey Department of Transportation) from 1922 until 1955.

Passaic River Bridge

The highway is designated the United Spanish War Veterans Memorial Highway.[1] It crosses the river several times as both wind their way through Bergen, Passaic, Essex, and Morris counties. To the east the highway also crosses the Hackensack River on the Winant Avenue Bridge and the Hudson River (to the state line) on the George Washington Bridge. To the west the highway crosses several of the Passaic's tributaries.[2]

Route 6 (1927–1953) and Route 46 (1953–present)

The expansion of the highway system followed the opening of the George Washington Bridge.[3]

In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering Route 6 was assigned to the route across northern New Jersey, using the old Route 5 from Delaware to Netcong, Route 12 from Hackettstown to Paterson, and a generally new alignment parallel to Route 10 from Paterson to the proposed George Washington Bridge. In Paterson, Route 6 was marked along city streets including McBride Avenue, Spruce Street and Market Street.[4][5]

In 1929, Route 6 was redefined to use none of the old road east of Paterson (it had formerly been planned to use Market Street west of roughly where Route 17 now crosses it), and Route 5 was cut back to run only east from Ridgefield.[6] Route 6 was redefined to bypass Paterson to the south. The new highway would enter Paterson just south of Market Street, but then turn south and southwest before heading west to rejoin the route at the Little Falls bypass at the Union Boulevard crossing. The old road along Union Boulevard towards Paterson was assigned Route S6, as a spur of Route 6.[6] Route S6 became Route 62 in the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering, and has since been truncated to a short distance between US 46 and I-80 in Totowa.[7] By 1937, most of Route 6 had been completed with the exception of the Paterson bypass.[8] A realignment at the Passaic River crossing near Pine Brook was built in the 1940s, along with a new road for a short distance west from Pine Brook.[9][10]

The Route 6 designation was dropped in favor of US 46 in the 1953 renumbering.[7]

Bridges

Bridge aesthetics and the use of concrete for it moldable qualities of concrete characterized 1920-1930s New Jersey State Highway Department bridge design. The NJ 6 bridges use motifs seen on other bridges in the state. The encased steel stringer spans have Moderne-style concrete pilasters and balustrades establishing coherent design to the route. The bridges that carried NJ 6 over the Passaic River were given special attention. and are among the most distinguished and elaborate bridges in the state in their use of reinforced concrete open spandrel arches creating graceful and elegant forms which displays both structural efficiency and architectural style. The three NJ 6 open spandrel arch bridges (two over the river and another built 1939, NBI#1607163, over Lakeview Avenue in Clifton) are embellished with tile mosaics of the state seal, battered light standards, and stepped pilasters.[11]

The Passaic River Bridge at Paterson and Passaic River Bridge at Totowa are significant sophisticated examples of an open spandrel arch, reinforced concrete highway bridge and are representative of approximately ten of the type designed and built by the New Jersey State Highway Department between 1929 and 1939 as part the expansion of the state highway system. In the 1990s, the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) Historic Bridge Survey recommended the New Jersey State Historic Preservation Officer determine that they were eligible for inclusion on the state and federal registers of historic places[11][12]

Crossing	Dates	Type	Locale/Municipality	Coordinates	NBI	Notes	References
Route 46 MP 64.52	1955	culvert	Elmwood Park	40°53′38″N 74°07′44″W	0220152	over branch of the Passaic	[2][13][14]
Passaic River Bridge aka Crooks Avenue Bridge MP 63.95	c.1937 1995 rebuild	open spandrel (false concrete arch;true steel girder)	Paterson - Elmwood Park	40°53′38″N 74°07′44″W	1607168	Cedar Lawn Cemetery site of Weasel Bridge, Cadmus Ford Bridge	[15][16][17][18][19][2][20][21]
Passaic River Bridge MP 57.94	1939 1998 rehab	open spandrel	Totowa - Little Falls	40°53′25″N 74°13′12″W	1606158		[2][16][18][20][22]
Route 46 dual bridges MP 55.45	c.1927 1951 second bridge		Wayne - Fairfield Township	40°53′33″N 74°15′57″W	EB 0722157 WB 0722158		[2][18][23][24]
Route 46 MP 51.85	1940 2008 rebuilt	stringer	Fairfield Township - Pine Brook, Montville	40°51′45″N 74°19′16″W	1410159	Great Piece Meadows	[2][18][25][26]
Pine Brook Bridge dual bridges Bloomfield Avenue Route 159	c.1940 1981 reinforce	stringer		40°51′31″N 74°19′09″W	1430153	originally built as part of Route 6 Great Piece Meadows	[25][26][27]
Bloomfield Avenue U.S. Route 46 MP 51.54 Route 159 MP 0.25 dual bridges	1940 1921	stringer	Pine Brook, Montville	40°51′33″N 74°19′39″W	WB-1410158 EB-1431051	over a branch of the Passaic	[18][2][27][26][21]

Gallery

• 
  At Paterson
• 
  At Paterson
• 
  At Totowa
• 
  Route 6 originally crossed Lackawanna Avenue just north of Route 46 Totowa bridge
• 
  At Wayne - Fairfield

See also

• List of crossings of the Upper Passaic River
• List of crossings of the Lower Passaic River
• List of crossings of the Hackensack River
• List of fixed crossing of the North River (Hudson River)
• List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in New Jersey

References

1. "New Jersey Department of Transportation Dedicated Highways and Bridges" (PDF). New Jersey State Library. October 25, 2012. Retrieved November 25, 2016.
2. New Jersey Department of Transportation (July 2014). "US 46 Straight Line Diagram" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
3. "Over the New Span" (PDF). The New York Times. October 18, 1931. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
4. State of New Jersey. Laws of 1927. Chapter 319.
5. Unknown (n.d.). Sketch Map Showing Approximate Location of New Jersey State Highway Routes as Designated by Chapter 319, Laws of 1927 (Map). Scale not given. n.p.: n.p. Archived from the original on October 1, 2008. Retrieved October 8, 2008.
6. State of New Jersey. Laws of 1929. Chapter 126.
7. "New Road Signs Ready in New Jersey" (PDF). The New York Times. December 16, 1952. p. 41. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. Retrieved November 25, 2016.
8. Mid-West Map Co. (1937). Official Road Map of Pennsylvania and New Jersey (Map). Scale not given. n.p.: Mid-West Map Co. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
9. Mid-West Map Co.; H.M. Gousha (1941). Official Road Map of Pennsylvania and New Jersey (Map). Scale not given. n.p.: Mid-West Map Co. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
10. United States Geological Survey (1947). Newark, New Jersey Quadrangle (Topographic map). 1:250,000. Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey. Retrieved November 28, 2009 – via University of Texas Libraries.
11. A. G. Lichtenstein & Associates, Inc. for NJDOT and FHWA (2001). "Historic Bridge Survey (1991–1994)". New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved January 20, 2017. By the time construction was underway in 1936-1940, State Highway Department engineers were using well-tried highway and bridge engineering designs already in use on such routes as the Route 1 Extension in Hudson County. The survey evaluated 22 bridges constructed as part of the NJ 6 project including 18 encased steel stringers, three open spandrel arches, and one thru girder. The encased steel stringer spans, which carry the highway over or under city streets, other state highways, and railroads, have Moderne-style concrete pilasters and balustrades that lend a sense of coherent design to the route, but are not in and of themselves technologically or architecturally significant. The emphasis on bridge aesthetics and the moldable qualities of concrete was a hallmark of 1920s and 1930s New Jersey State Highway Department bridges, and the NJ 6 bridges mirror motifs seen on bridges in other parts of the state. The bridges that carried NJ 6 over the Passaic River and adjacent highways received special attention from the State Highway Department Bridge Division. The Passaic River crossings were among the most distinguished and elaborate bridges in the state due to the decision of former State Bridge Engineer Morris Goodkind to build reinforced concrete open spandrel arch bridges over the river. The graceful and elegant bridge form displays both structural efficiency and architectural style. The three NJ 6 open spandrel arch bridges (1606158, US 46 over Passaic River and Riverview Drive, 1939, Little Falls Township; 1607168, US 46 over Passaic River, 1937, Paterson City; and, 1607163, US 46 over Lakeview Avenue, 1939, Clifton City) have such embellishments as tile mosaics of the State seal, battered light standards, and stepped pilasters. Goodkind served as State Bridge Engineer from 1922 to 1955 and had first used the open spandrel arch form in his 1929-30 US 1 bridge over the Raritan River (1204150, New Brunswick City, Middlesex County). In the 1930s he repeated the bridge form several times for major river crossings in the northern half of the state, and received numerous awards from his peers for his designs and leadership. The NJ 6 bridges marked the last major pre- World War II development in Passaic County's bridge history.
12. State Historic Preservation Office (n.d.). "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
13. "National Bridge Inventory NJ 2015 NJ". Federal Highway Administration. 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
14. "National Bridge Inventory Data Bergen County New Jersey". Uglybridges. Retrieved November 25, 2016.
15. Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NJ-96, "Passaic River Bridge, Spanning Passaic River on U.S. Route 46, Paterson, Passaic County, NJ"
16. "Passaic River Bridge". BridgeHunter.com. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
17. "The Capture of John Cadmus". The Bulletin of the Passaic County Historical Society. Passaic County Historical Society. November 1956. Retrieved November 10, 2016.
18. New Jersey Department of Transportation (September 5, 2008). "Route 46 Corridor Project". New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
19. Nassif, Hani; Ertekin, A. Oguz; Davis, Joe (March 2002). Evaluation of Bridge Scour Monitoring Methods (PDF). New Brunswick, NJ: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Center for Advanced Infrastructure & Transportation, Rutgers University. FHWA-NJ-2003-009. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
20. Federal Highway Administration (n.d.). "Passaic County New Jersey". National Bridge Inventory. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved November 25, 2016 – via Uglybridges.
21. "Interim Bridge Report" (PDF). NJDOT. August 9, 2007. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
22. HAER No. NJ-100, "Passaic River Bridge, Spanning Passaic River on U.S. Route 46, Totowa, Passaic County, NJ"
23. AmerCom. "Route 46 over the Passaic River". AmerCom. Retrieved November 25, 2016.
24. Federal Highway Administration (n.d.). "Essex County New Jersey". National Bridge Inventory. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved November 25, 2016 – via Uglybridges.
25. Bureau of Environmental Services (2001). "Historic Bridge Survey: Morris County (1991–1994)" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Transportation. Retrieved November 3, 2016.
26. Federal Highway Administration (n.d.). "Morris County New Jersey". National Bridge Inventory. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved November 25, 2016 – via Uglybridges.
27. NJDOT. "NJ 159" (PDF). NJDOT. Retrieved December 5, 2016.