Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith

The Silver Wraith was the first post-war Rolls-Royce. It was made from 1946 to 1958 as only a chassis at Rolls-Royce's former Merlin engine plant, their Crewe factory, alongside the shorter Bentley Mark VI. The Bentley too was available as a chassis for coachbuilders but also for the first time could be bought with a Rolls-Royce built standard steel body.

For the Silver Wraith II, see Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow.

Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith
1955 Silver Wraith, body by Hooper & Co
Overview
ManufacturerRolls-Royce Ltd
Production1946–1958
1883 produced (incl. 639 LWB cars)
Body and chassis
ClassFull-size luxury car (F)
Body style4-door saloon
LayoutFront-engine, rear-wheel-drive
RelatedRolls-Royce Silver Dawn
Powertrain
Engine4.3 L (260 cu in) I6 (1946–51)
4.6 L (280 cu in) I6 (1951–55)
4.9 L (300 cu in) I6 (1955–58)
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase3225.8 mm (127 in) (1946–53)
3378.2 mm (133 in) (1951–58)
Chronology
PredecessorRolls-Royce Wraith (1938)
SuccessorRolls-Royce Silver Cloud II LWB
1956 Rolls Royce Silver Wraith
touring limousine by H J Mulliner
Rear of the touring limousine

It was announced by Rolls-Royce in April 1946 as the 25/30 hp replacement for the 1939 Wraith in what had been their 20 hp and 20/25 hp market sector, that is to say Rolls-Royce's smaller car. The size was chosen to be in keeping with the mood of post-war austerity. Even very limited production of the chassis of the larger car, the Phantom IV, was not resumed until 1950 and then, officially, only for Heads of State.[1]

Improvements announced were: chromium-plated cylinder bores for the engine; a new more rigid chassis frame to go with new independent front suspension; and a new synchromesh gearbox. Chassis lubrication was now centralised.[2]

Engine

The straight six-cylinder postwar engine, which had been briefly made for the aborted by war Bentley Mark V, replaced conventional overhead valve gear with an F-head configuration of overhead inlet valves and side exhaust valves and reshaped combustion chambers. There were new main and big-end bearings and a more efficient drive to the timing gear. To this prewar mix Rolls-Royce added chromed bores. Initially, this engine retained the Mark V's capacity of 4,257 cc (259.8 cu in) increased from 1951 to 4,566 cc (278.6 cu in) and in 1955, after the introduction of the (standard wheelbase) Silver Cloud, to 4,887 cc (298.2 cu in) for the remaining Silver Wraiths.[3]

Chassis

The first cars had an entirely new 127 inch (3226 mm) wheelbase chassis which differed considerably from that of the pre-war Wraith and was much nearer rigid. It matched the new Bentley chassis but with an extra 7 inch section added to the centre. The new chassis had coil sprung independent front suspension, which required a very rigid chassis to function properly, and at the rear conventional semi-elliptic springs and live axle. The braking system was a hybrid hydro-mechanical system with hydraulic front brakes and mechanical rears using the mechanical servo similar to that of the pre-war cars.[4]

The last short-wheelbase cars were delivered in November 1953. The long, 133 inch (3378 mm), wheelbase chassis was announced in 1951 and the first delivered in January 1952. 639 were made by the time of the last deliveries in October 1958.

This was not quite the last Rolls-Royce model to be supplied as a "chassis only" ready for a wide variety of bespoke coachwork designed and made by a rapidly declining number of specialist coachbuilders.[5] Most of the bodies selected used "formal" limousine designs.[5]

From 1949 until 1955 customers wishing to buy a Rolls-Royce fitted with a much smaller standard steel body could purchase the Silver Dawn. It rode on a chassis seven inches shorter than the Silver Wraith, and was almost identical to Rolls-Royce's Bentley Standard Steel saloon available alongside the Silver Wraith since July 1946.

Automatic transmission

Initially only a four-speed manual gearbox was offered, but this was supplemented by a General Motors Hydramatic automatic option from 1952.

Official uses
  • Irish Presidential State Car – 1947–present
  • Brazilian Presidential Ceremonial State Car – 1952–present
  • Royal Dutch State Limousine – 1958
  • Royal Danish Ceremonial Car "Store Krone" (Great Crown) – 1958
  • Royal Greek Ceremonial Car (Silver Wraith Hooper version) – 1959
  • 2 Australian Ceremonial Cars for Royal Tour (Silver Wraith All-weather tourer by Hooper) – 1959
  • Chief Minister of Penang Island,Federal Territory of Malaysia. Previously owned by Sir Henry Gurney, British High Commissioner of Malaya Before being ambushed by communist forces during the Malayan Emergency. – circa 1940

Film appearances

State cars
gollark: Hmm, they might just use a pi digits formula using arbitrary-precision decimals or whatever then multiply it by two.I doubt it though.
gollark: I'm fairly sure they probably won't actually be operating on them as numbers, but digit-wise, somehow.
gollark: No.
gollark: There is a 10000 digits of tau thing up on the tauday page, but they don't list how they get it.
gollark: For Pi, you have magic formula like these for getting digits. I'm annoyed that there are none I can find easily for Tau.

References
  1. Peter Pugh The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, Part 2: The Power Behind the Jets 2015 Icon Books. ISBN 1848319630, ISBN 9781848319639
  2. News in Brief. The Times, Thursday, 4 April 1946; pg. 2; Issue 50418
  3. Culshaw & Horrobin 2013, pp. 252.
  4. "Atwell-Wilson Motor Museum - Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith 1". Atwell-Wilson Motor Museum. 2008. Archived from the original on 5 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2011. External link in |work= (help)
  5. "Spring Collection: Selection of new models announced at this week's Geneva Show". Autocar: 22–24. 19 March 1977.
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