Richard Nugent, 1st Earl of Westmeath

Richard Nugent, 1st Earl of Westmeath (1583–1642) was an Irish nobleman and politician of the seventeenth century. He was imprisoned for plotting against the English Crown in 1607, but soon obtained a royal pardon, and thereafter was always considered to be a reliable supporter of the Government. His death resulted from his refusal to rebel against the English Crown during the Irish Rebellion of 1641.

Early life

He was the eldest son of Christopher Nugent, 6th Baron Delvin, and Lady Mary FitzGerald, daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare and his wife Mabel Browne, Countess of Kildare. He succeeded his father as seventh Baron Delvin in 1602.

Imprisonment

It is not surprising that the Crown regarded him with suspicion: when he was born his father was in custody on charges of treason, and was to die nineteen years later in prison, once more suspected of plotting treason. Initially Richard seems to have acted cautiously: he acknowledged the Crown's authority, and he was knighted at Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin in 1603. The Crown's suspicions about his loyalty were fully justified: Delvin was implicated in the conspiracy which led to the Flight of the Earls in 1607 and was imprisoned in Dublin Castle. Due to the lax security in the Castle a servant was able to smuggle a rope into his cell, with which he escaped through the window.. He fled for refuge to Cloughoughter Castle, a lake fortress owned by his family in County Cavan.[1]

His escape coincided with the arrival of Sir Cahir O'Doherty in Dublin to clear up a misunderstanding in which it had mistakenly been believed O'Doherty had been plotting an uprising. Delvin's escape shattered the government's confidence even in loyal Gaelic lords like O'Doherty, who were suspected of being part of a conspiracy with Delvin and others. The following year an aggrieved O'Doherty and his followers burnt the town of Derry, thus launching O'Doherty's Rebellion.

Pardon

In 1608 Delvin appeared unexpectedly at the English Court and asked for a royal pardon. He seems to have been a young man who was blessed with charm and good looks, which was always a path to favour with King James I, whose fondness for handsome young men was a source of much gossip.[2] Delvin was pardoned and restored to royal favour.

Political career

Thereafter his career until 1641 was one of almost uniform success. He received grants of land in several counties in 1611 - including 14,000 acres in County Galway, mainly around Tynagh and Kileen - and was able to build a new dwelling, Clonyn Castle, near the older family home, Nugent Castle. He took his seat in the Irish House of Lords in the Parliaments of 1613-15 and 1634-5, and was appointed a royal commissioner for the redress of grievances in 1633.[3] He accompanied the Duke of Buckingham, the prime royal favourite, to the ill-fated Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré in 1627. He was created Earl of Westmeath in 1621.

Clonyn Castle, which the Earl built as the new family seat.

Death

On the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641 the Earl, unlike many of the Anglo-Irish nobility, remained loyal to the Crown. Concerned that he was exposed to his enemies at Clonyn, the Government sent a party to accompany him to Dublin. The party was ambushed at Athboy and the Earl was captured. He was rescued, but attacked again near Trim. He was seriously injured in the second attack and being nearly sixty, blind and afflicted with "palsy", he died from his injuries.[4]

Family

Richard Nugent married Jenet Plunkett, daughter of Christopher Plunkett, 9th Baron Killeen and Jenet Dillon, and sister of Luke Plunkett, 1st Earl of Fingall. According to family tradition, Lady Westmeath was nicknamed Jenny the Scraper due to her thrift and her determination not to allow any household scraps to be wasted.

They had five sons:

• Christopher, Baron Delvin
• Francis
• John, the ancestor of the Austrian Counts Nugent von Westmeath
• Lawrence
• Ignatius (died 1671), who was a Colonel in the French service.

Christopher pre-deceased his father leaving an only son Richard, who succeeded as second Earl of Westmeath.

They also had two daughters :

• Bridget
• Mary.

Further reading

• Extensive primary and secondary sources related to Richard Nugent can be found in the Nugent of Farren Connell Papers, a collection of the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland with the id D3535. See the introduction.

References

1. Webb, Alfred A Compendium of Irish Biography Dublin 1878
2. Kenyon, J.P. The Stuarts B.T. Batsford London 1958
3. Anonymous Historical Sketch of the Nugent Family J.C. Lyons 1853
4. Webb Compendium of Irish Biography

Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by Christopher Nugent	Baron Delvin 1602–1642	Succeeded by Richard Nugent, 2nd Earl of Westmeath
New creation	Earl of Westmeath 1621–1642