Rhinella pombali

Rhinella pombali
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Bufonidae
Genus:	Rhinella
Species:	R. ornata × R. crucifer
Synonyms
	Bufo pombali Baldissera, Caramaschi, and Haddad, 2004; Rhinella pombali (Baldissera, Caramaschi, and Haddad, 2004)

Rhinella pombali is a hybrid species of toad from south-eastern Brazil,[1][2][3] named after José Perez Pombal, Jr., a Brazilian herpetologist.[4] It was originally described in 2004 as a distinct species, but a genetic study published in 2012 found it to be a hybrid of Rhinella ornata and Rhinella crucifer; it is also morphologically intermediate between these species.[2] It is therefore no longer considered a valid species,[2][3] although it is still present in some listings.[1][5]

References

Flavio Baldisseri (2010). "Rhinella pombali". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T61756A12536076. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T61756A12536076.en.
Thomé, Maria Tereza C.; Zamudio, Kelly R.; Haddad, Célio F. B.; Alexandrino, João (2012). "Delimiting genetic units in Neotropical toads under incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 242. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-242. PMC 3574056. PMID 23228224.
Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
Bo Beolens; Michael Watkins; Michael Grayson (22 April 2013). The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Pelagic Publishing. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-1-907807-42-8.
"Bufonidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2016.

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[IUCN-1] Flavio Baldisseri (2010). "Rhinella pombali". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T61756A12536076. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T61756A12536076.en.

[Thomé_et_al._2012-2] Thomé, Maria Tereza C.; Zamudio, Kelly R.; Haddad, Célio F. B.; Alexandrino, João (2012). "Delimiting genetic units in Neotropical toads under incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 242. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-242. PMC 3574056. PMID 23228224.

[Frost-3] Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 1 September 2016.

[Beolens_et_al._2013-4] Bo Beolens; Michael Watkins; Michael Grayson (22 April 2013). The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Pelagic Publishing. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-1-907807-42-8.

[AmphibiaWeb-5] "Bufonidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2016.