Rapid influenza diagnostic test

A rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT) tells whether a person has a current influenza infection by detecting the influenza viral nucleoprotein antigen. Commercially available RIDTs can provide results within 30 minutes. These results can be observed by a color change or other visual signals.[1][2] For clinicians, RIDTs serve as a first-line test that can be confirmed (especially if negative) by traditional diagnostic tests. RIDTs also allow clinicians to promptly start antiviral treatment in high-risk populations, to formulate effective infection control measures, and to make informed decisions regarding diagnostic investigations.[3][4] RIDTs have been shown to reduce chest radiography and blood tests in ambulatory care settings, but not antibiotic prescribing, or time in the emergency department.[5]

A study concludes that one test generated a false negative 49 percent of the time, meaning it detected H1N1 only 51 percent of the time. Another study found another test generated a false negative 82.2 percent of the time, detecting H1N1 only 17.2 percent of the time.

One test generated a false negative 88.9 of the time, detecting H1N1 only 11.1 percent of the time.[6]

Sample collection

RIDT accuracy may be dependent on collection technique used to obtain the sample. Samples used for RIDT include respiratory specimens such as throat, nose, and nasopharyngeal secretions, as well as aspirate or washings collected from the trachea.[7]

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See also

References
  1. Vemula SV, Zhao J, Liu J, Wang X, Biswas S, Hewlett I (April 2016). "Current Approaches for Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Infections in Humans". Viruses. 8 (4): 96. doi:10.3390/v8040096. PMC 4848591. PMID 27077877.
  2. "Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests | Seasonal Influenza (Flu) | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2017-04-07. Retrieved 2018-09-08.
  3. "Accuracy of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests: A Meta Analysis". www.annals.org. 2012-04-03. Retrieved 2018-11-01.
  4. Chartrand C, Pai M (June 2012). "How accurate are rapid influenza diagnostic tests?". Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy. 10 (6): 615–7. doi:10.1586/eri.12.49. PMID 22734950.
  5. Lee, Joseph J; Verbakel, Jan Y; Goyder, Clare R; Ananthakumar, Thanusha; Tan, Pui San; Turner, Phillip J; Hayward, Gail; Van den Bruel, Ann (4 October 2018). "The clinical utility of point-of-care tests for influenza in ambulatory care: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 69 (1): 24–33. doi:10.1093/cid/ciy837. PMC 6579962. PMID 30285232.
  6. Louie JK, Guevara H, Boston E, Dahlke M, Nevarez M, Kong T, Schechter R, Glaser CA, Schnurr DP (May 2010). "Rapid influenza antigen test for diagnosis of pandemic (H1N1) 2009". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 16 (5): 824–6. doi:10.3201/eid1605.091797. PMC 2954007. PMID 20409373.
  7. "Use of Influenza Rapid Diagnostic Tests" (PDF). Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases. World Health Organization. 2010.

Further reading


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