Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay tunnel

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel is an under-sea road tunnel located in Shandong Province in eastern China. It crosses underneath Jiaozhou Bay, connecting Huangdao to the south with the city of Qingdao in the north (see map) at the narrow entrance to the bay.[3] It starts at Tuandao Road in the north and ends between Beizhuang village and Houchawan village on Xuejia Island in the south.[2]

Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel
Map of the Jiaozhou Bay Connection Project
Overview
LocationJiaozhou Bay
Coordinates36.029388°N 120.283270°E / 36.029388; 120.283270
StartHuangdao District
EndQingdao
Operation
Work begunDecember 27, 2006
OpenedJuly 1, 2011
Trafficautomotive
TollCN¥ 30 (passenger car)[1]
Technical
Length5.55 km (3.45 mi) underground[2]
No. of lanes6
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)[2]
Lowest elevation−70.5 m (−231 ft)[2]

Construction began on December 27, 2006[4] and was completed five years later when it opened on July 1, 2011, two months after the scheduled opening date. It opened the same day as the nearby Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, considered at the time the world's longest open water bridge by Guinness World Records.[5][6] The bridge and tunnel were planned together as the Jiaozhou Bay Connection Project.[7]

The contiguous length of the tunnel road is about 7.8 km (4.8 mi), part of which is underground and part under the sea.[8] The sub-sea portion is 3.95 km (2.45 mi).[8] The deepest point of the crown of the tube to sea level is 74 meters.[8] The deepest water depth is 42 meters.[8] There are two tubes of three lanes each for a total of six lanes.[8]

References
  1. Clay (July 23, 2011). "Qingdao Photos: Tunnel". Retrieved 5 July 2012.
  2. "Jiaozhou bay Tunnel in Qingdao". STEC. March 8, 2012. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  3. "Qingdao bridge sets world record". China Economic Net. 1 July 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
  4. "List".
  5. Staff writers (30 June 2011). "A marathon span: China opens world's longest bridge over water". NBC News. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
  6. Xie Chuanjiao; Dai Yan (1 July 2011). "Qindao bridge sets world record". China Daily. Archived from the original on 2013-12-07. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
  7. "Qingdao-Huangdao Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel".
  8. C. Y. Song; S. M. Zhou (2012). "The Overall Design of Qingdao Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel". Advanced Materials Research. 368-373: 2971–2976. Retrieved April 22, 2019.


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