Pteropurpura festiva

Pteropurpura festiva, commonly known as the festive murex, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the rock snails. Native to the Eastern Pacific, these sea snails grow to 34–67 mm in length. [1]

Pteropurpura festiva
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Clade: Caenogastropoda
Clade: Hypsogastropoda
Clade: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Muricoidea
Family: Muricidae
Genus: Pteropurpura
Species:
P. festiva
Binomial name
Pteropurpura festiva
Hinds, 1844
Synonyms
  • Murex festivus Hinds, 1844 (original combination)
  • Murex gaza M. Smith, 1940
  • Pteropurpura (Pteropurpura) festiva (Hinds, 1844)· accepted, alternate representation
  • Pteropurpura (Pteropurpura) gaza Smith, M., 1940
  • Shaskyus festivus (Hinds, 1844)

This species was previously known as Murex festivus. Because the shell of this sea snail is attractive, and is common in San Diego, the name The Festivus was used for the San Diego Shell Club publication, which was started in 1970, became a science journal on malacology, and as of 2011 had been published for over 40 years.[2]

Description

The length of the shell varies between 20 mm and 67 mm.

The elongately ovate shell contains six convex whorls with three low, reflexed varices per whorl. These varices are finely frilled on front. Between these varices, a rib shows a large, blunt knob on the shoulder. The wide outer lip is finely dentate with 5-7 teeth inside. The columella is simple and smooth. The oval aperture shows a varix extenting to the short, deep and recurved siphonal canal.

The ground color of the shell varies from white to light brown, crossed by evenly spaced, thin, incised, spiral dark brown lines

It is a formidable predator on mussels, limpets, barnacles and other snails. But through this biotic characteristic, it is responsible for resistance to the Asian mussel (Musculista senhousia) invasion in Southern California. [3]

Distribution

This marine species occurs abundantly in the intertidal zone and mud flats off Southern California, USA (with most records from Santa Barbara, Los Angeles and San Diego) to Baja California, Mexico

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References
  1. MolluscaBase (2019). MolluscaBase. Pteropurpura festiva (Hinds, 1844). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=743644 on 2019-11-19
  2. The Festivus: A Publication of the San Diego Shell Club Archived 2009-10-26 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Cheng, Brian S., and Kevin A. Hovel. "Biotic resistance to invasion along an estuarine gradient." Oecologia 164.4 (2010): 1049-1059
  • Hinds, Richard Brinsley. The Zoology of the Voyage of HMS Sulphur: Under the Command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher During the Years 1836-42. Vol. 3. Smith, Elder, 1844.
  • J. Hertz & C. M. Hertz, 2006. The Festivus, the making of a scientific journal The Festivus 38(5): 53-57
  • D’Attilio, A. & B. Myers 1983. The genus Pteropurpura Joussemme, 1880 (Muricidae: Ocenebrinae). The Festivus XV(ll): 111-112.
  • Tuskes P. & Tuskes A. (2016). Native Pteropurpura of the eastern Pacific (Muricidae). The Festivus. 48(4): 211-220
  • Morris, H. Robert, Donald P. Abbott & Eugene C. Haderlie 1990. Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. Chapter 1 3 Prosobranchia: Marine Snails. Pp. 230-307.
  • Tuskes, Paul M. & Ann Tuskes 2009. Influence of Habitat on Growth and Prey Selection of Pteropurpura festiva, the Festive Murex. The Festivus. 41(3): 25-29.
  • "Pteropurpura (Pteropurpura) festiva". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
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