Premna serratifolia

Premna serratifolia
	Leaves and young fruit of P. serratifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Lamiaceae
Genus:	Premna
Species:	P. serratifolia
Binomial name
	Premna serratifolia; L.
Synonyms
	Premna integrifolia L.; Premna obtusifolia R.Br.;

Premna serratifolia (Sanskrit : Agnimantha, अग्निमंथ; Marathi and Malayalam :Arani, अरणी, Tagalog : Alagaw, Visayan: Kulawin, Palauan : Chosm, Ahgao: Chamorro)[1] is a small tree/shrub[2] in the family Lamiaceae. It flowers and fruits between May and November.[3] During flowering season, it attracts a large number of butterflies and bees.[4] Synonyms of Premna serratifolia Linn. include P. corymbosa (Burm. f.) Merr., P. integrifolia L. and P. obtusifolia R. Br.).

Habitat

It mostly grow in moist sandy soil and scrub jungles along seacoasts and mangrove forests.[3] In the Philippines, particularly in Cebu Island, it is usually found in the interior, watery forests of Southern Cebu. It is commonly called "Kulawin" in the Cebuano Local Dialect.

Description

Trees, to 7 m high. Leaves simple, opposite, estipulate; petiole 4–14 mm, slender, pubescent, grooved above; lamina 2.5-8.5 x 2-7.2 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, base acute, obtuse, subcordate or rounded, apex acuminate, mucronate, obtuse, margin entire or subserrate, glabrous above except along the appressed midrib, chartaceous; lateral nerves 3-5 pair, pinnate, prominent, puberulous beneath; intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, greenish-white, in terminal corymbose panicled cymes; bracts small; calyx small campanulate, 2 lipped, 5 lobed; corolla tube short, villous inside, lobes 5; stamens 4, didynamous, inserted below the throat of the corolla tube; anther ovate; ovary superior, 2-4-celled, ovules 4; style linear; stigma shortly bifid. Fruit a drupe, seated on the calyx, globose, purple; seeds oblong.[3]

Medicinal uses

The plant is extensively used in Indian traditional medicine. Studies on the root wood of P. serattifolia led to the isolation of acteoside, a glucoside derivative.[5] The root bark of the plant which showed biological activities have also shown to contain a potent cytotoxic and antioxidant diterpene, 11,12,16-trihydroxy-2-oxo-5-methyl-10-demethyl-abieta-1[10],6, 8,11,13-pentene.[6]

gollark: Using metric units instead of "teaspoons". What even is a "teaspoon" as a unit?

gollark: Perhaps there is a niche for extremely precisely specified recipes.

gollark: (or just follow a recipe)

gollark: Figure out the relevant theory stuff, make a prototype... cooked thing... and refine it until you like the result.

gollark: Isn't it? I mean, you can follow a similar sort of process to... electronics, or something.

References

Pharmacographia Indica
Description given by G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram. Referred from indiabiodiversity portal http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/230814
Described by Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi in Indiabiodiversity portal http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/230814
The media files included gives the required verity.
Bose LV, Varghese GK, Habtemariam S. 2013. Identification of acteoside as the active antioxidant principle of Premna serratifolia root wood tissues. Phytopharmacology 4: 228–236
Habtemariam, S., Varghese, G.K. (2015). A Novel Diterpene Skeleton: Identification of a highly aromatic, cytotoxic and antioxidant 5-methyl-10-demethyl-abietane-typediterpene from Premna serratifolia Phytotherapy Research 29(1), 80-85.

Premna serratifolia

Habitat

Description

Medicinal uses

References

Further reading