Port Talbot Steelworks

Port Talbot Steelworks is an integrated steel production plant in Port Talbot, West Glamorgan, Wales, capable of producing nearly 5 million tonnes of steel slab per annum. This makes it the larger of the two major steel plants in the UK and one of the largest in Europe. Over 4,000 people work at the plant.[1] The majority of the slab is rolled on-site at Port Talbot and at the Newport Llanwern site to make a variety of steel strip products. The remainder is processed at other Tata Steel plants or sold in slab form. The works covers a large area of land which dominates the south of the town. Its two blast furnaces[2] and steel production plant buildings are major landmarks visible from both the M4 motorway and the South Wales Main Line when passing through the town.

Port Talbot Steelworks

History
Blast Furnace #5

The site at Margam is made up of a number of plants across a large site, developed since 1901.

Port Talbot works

The original works were built by Gilbertson, and situated south of Port Talbot railway station. Constructed in 1901–5, the works was named after Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot of Margam Castle, the principal sponsor of the developments at Port Talbot docks, which had opened in 1837.

The site was closed in 1961 and demolished in 1963. The General Offices housed Port Talbot magistrates' court until 2012, but the rest of the site is an industrial estate.[3]

Margam works

Steelmaking at the Port Talbot complex began with the Margam Iron and Steel Works, completed between 1923 and 1926.

Abbey works
Ironworks at Port Talbot

Abbey Steelworks was planned in 1947, but today is correctly termed Tata Steel Strip Products UK Port Talbot Works. It is believed to be named after the Cistercian Margam Abbey that used to be on the site – a small amount of the original building still stands (protected) within the site that survived the dissolution of the monasteries. Several steel manufacturers in South Wales pooled their resources to form the Steel Company of Wales, to construct a modern integrated steelworks on a site then owned by Guest, Keen and Baldwins. However, political manoeuvring led to tinplate production being retained in its original heartland further west, at two new works in Trostre and Felindre. Opened in 1951, it was fully operational by 1953.[4][5]

Once the new No.4 and 5 furnaces began production, the older furnaces, numbers 1 and 2 built in the 1920s, were demolished. No.3 furnace, built in 1941, was retained and used as a stand-by, until demolished in the mid-2000s.[6] At the time of peak employment in the 1960s, the Abbey Works was Europe's largest steelworks and the largest single employer in Wales, with a labour force of 18,000.[7]

In 1967, The Steel Company of Wales was nationalised and absorbed into British Steel Corporation, which was subsequently privatised and merged to form Corus Group. Tata Group agreed to purchase all Corus' ordinary shares in March 2007, and the deal was concluded in April 2007. In 2010 it was announced that Corus was to be rebranded to the group name of Tata Steel Europe.

Today
EWS Class 66 heads towards Margam Knuckle Yard with a load of steel empties

An integrated steelmaking site using imported ore and coal, together with Llanwern steelworks, the plants produced up to 3.5 million tonnes of hot rolled and cold rolled annealed in steel coils per annum, for a variety of different end uses. Output is taken by rail from Margam Knuckle Yard to: Shotton for coating; Trostre for tinplating; or direct to the Midlands motor industry and domestic goods.

On the extensive steelworks site, fume and water vapour from, predominantly, Coke Oven Quench towers, Sinter Plant Stacks and cooling towers can be observed from many miles away together with ignited by-product gasses from various production units. When exiting Port Talbot in an easterly direction, the Abbey Works steel products plant (which is over 1 mile (1.6 km) long) is clearly visible. The smell of sulphur often hangs over this part of the town.

Top Gear have used the Port Talbot steelworks a number of times to film. Director Terry Gilliam cited the Port Talbot Steelworks as a major initial influence in developing the movie Brazil.

Divestment

Tata Steel announced on 30 March 2016 it is to pull out of its UK operations, including Port Talbot. It provided as reasons "imports of Chinese steel, high energy costs and weak demand ".[8] Plans to save the steelworks were put on hold when potential buyers indicated their intention to withdraw from the bidding process due to the UK voting in favour of withdrawing from the EU. The jobs of 4000 employees at the site are at stake.[9]

Fatal accidents

An explosion at the Port Talbot plant in November 2001 killed three men.[10] Len Radford, 53, Stephen Galsworthy, 25, and Andrew Hutin, 20, died when blast furnace five erupted, sending molten liquid down on them. Twelve other men were seriously injured in the blast.[10] The blast had effectively destroyed No.5, which was rebuilt and resumed operation from 2003 onwards.[11]

In July 2012 Tata Steel were fined £500,000 over the 2006 death of worker Kevin Downey at the Port Talbot plant.[10] Engulfed in steam and left disorientated during a night shift, Downey wandered into a channel of molten slag heated to 1500°C. He was rescued by colleagues, but suffered 85% burns and died later that day. At the time of the accident the Port Talbot plant was controlled by Corus Steel UK, and taken over by Tata in 2007.[10]

Nearest places
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References
  1. "Tata Steel Thyssenkrupp merger: Safeguard Welsh jobs call". BBC News. 20 September 2017.
  2. "How to get to Port Talbot Works" (PDF). Tata Steel. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  3. "Port Talbot steelworks". coflein.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 September 2011.
  4. "ABBEY WORKS, MARGAM STEEL WORKS, MARGAM". coflein.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 September 2011.
  5. Port Talbot Historical Society. "Time Line 20th C". Archived from the original on 19 August 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
  6. https://www.architecture.com/image-library/RIBApix/image-information/poster/margam-steel-works-abbey-works-for-the-steel-company-of-wales-limited-port-talbot-west-glamorgan-the/posterid/RIBA25361.html
  7. The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7083-1953-6.
  8. Graham Ruddick, Heather Stewart (30 March 2016). "Tata Steel to sell off entire British business". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 March 2016. Tata blames cheap imports of Chinese steel, high energy costs and weak demand
  9. correspondent, Brian Meechan BBC Wales business. "Brexit stalls Tata Steel's UK operations sale plans". BBC News. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  10. "Tata Steel fined £500,000 over death of worker Kevin Downey". Wales Online. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  11. https://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/corus-to-rebuild-port-talbot-furnace/

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