Port Sudan

Port Sudan (Arabic: بور سودان‎ Būr Sūdān) is a port city in eastern Sudan, and the capital of the state of Red Sea. As of 2007, it has 489,725 residents. Located on the Red Sea, it is the Republic of Sudan's main port city.

Port Sudan

بور سودان
Port Sudan Harbor
Port Sudan
Location in Sudan
Coordinates: 19°37′N 37°13′E
Country Sudan
StateRed Sea State
Population
 (2007)
 • Total489,725

History

Port Sudan was built in 1905 to replace Suakin.[1] An oil pipeline was built between the port and Khartoum in 1977.

Economy

The city has an oil refinery and handles the majority of the country's international trade.[1] Major exports include oilseed, senna, and hides and skins. Imports include construction materials, heavy machinery, and vehicles.

Transport

The city has a modern container-port to handle imports and exports.[1] The main airport is Port Sudan New International Airport. There is now a tarred road linking Port Sudan to Khartoum via Atbara. Port Sudan also has a rail link with Khartoum. There is also an international ferry from Jeddah.

Education
Red Sea University campus

The city is home to the Red Sea University, established in 1994.[2]

Places of worship

Among the places of worship, they are predominantly Muslim mosques.[3] There are also Christian churches and temples : Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Khartoum (Catholic Church), Sudan Interior Church (Baptist World Alliance), Presbyterian Church in Sudan (World Communion of Reformed Churches).

Climate

Port Sudan has a hot desert climate (Köppen: BWh) with extremely hot summers and moderately hot winters, requiring the acquisition of fresh water from Wadi Arba'at in the Red Sea Hills and from salt-evaporating pans. Temperatures can easily exceed 30 °C (86 °F) in winter and 45 °C (113 °F) in summer. Over 90% of the annual rainfall falls between October and January, mostly in November, with the wettest month on record being November 1947 with 182 millimetres (7.2 in), whilst the wettest year was from July 1923 to June 1924 with 231 millimetres (9.1 in). Average annual rainfall is 76 millimetres (3.0 in), and no rainfall occurred between January 1983 and June 1984.[4] The average temperature is 28.4 °C (83.1 °F).

Climate data for Port Sudan, Sudan (1961–1990, extremes 1906–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 37.0
(98.6)		 36.6
(97.9)		 40.0
(104.0)		 41.2
(106.2)		 47.0
(116.6)		 46.7
(116.1)		 48.0
(118.4)		 48.6
(119.5)		 46.1
(115.0)		 44.3
(111.7)		 39.0
(102.2)		 38.0
(100.4)		 48.6
(119.5)
Average high °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2)		 27.0
(80.6)		 28.8
(83.8)		 31.4
(88.5)		 35.0
(95.0)		 38.5
(101.3)		 40.1
(104.2)		 40.2
(104.4)		 37.4
(99.3)		 33.4
(92.1)		 30.8
(87.4)		 28.8
(83.8)		 33.2
(91.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 23.3
(73.9)		 23.0
(73.4)		 24.3
(75.7)		 26.5
(79.7)		 29.3
(84.7)		 32.2
(90.0)		 34.1
(93.4)		 34.5
(94.1)		 32.1
(89.8)		 29.3
(84.7)		 27.3
(81.1)		 24.7
(76.5)		 28.4
(83.1)
Average low °C (°F) 19.7
(67.5)		 19.0
(66.2)		 19.9
(67.8)		 21.6
(70.9)		 23.7
(74.7)		 25.9
(78.6)		 28.2
(82.8)		 28.9
(84.0)		 26.8
(80.2)		 25.3
(77.5)		 23.8
(74.8)		 21.3
(70.3)		 23.7
(74.7)
Record low °C (°F) 10.0
(50.0)		 10.2
(50.4)		 10.0
(50.0)		 12.3
(54.1)		 17.4
(63.3)		 17.2
(63.0)		 20.0
(68.0)		 20.0
(68.0)		 18.9
(66.0)		 17.5
(63.5)		 17.5
(63.5)		 9.0
(48.2)		 9.0
(48.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 7.2
(0.28)		 0.9
(0.04)		 0.9
(0.04)		 0.2
(0.01)		 1.1
(0.04)		 0.2
(0.01)		 3.8
(0.15)		 1.4
(0.06)		 0.0
(0.0)		 13.9
(0.55)		 35.0
(1.38)		 10.0
(0.39)		 76.1
(3.00)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.0 1.2 4.1 1.7 10.4
Average relative humidity (%) 69 70 69 65 58 50 49 50 60 72 72 71 63
Mean monthly sunshine hours 195.3 226.8 282.1 306.0 322.4 285.0 272.8 288.3 282.0 297.6 225.0 213.9 3,197.2
Mean daily sunshine hours 6.3 8.1 9.1 10.2 10.4 9.5 8.8 9.3 9.4 9.6 7.5 6.9 8.8
Percent possible sunshine 57 68 75 80 80 72 67 68 78 82 69 63 72
Source 1: NOAA,[5] Hong Kong Observatory,[6]
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[7]

Demographics
Year Population
1906[8] 4,289
1941 26,255
1973 132,632
1983 209,938
1993 305,385
2007 (est.) 489,275
2008 (est.) 517,338

The population consists mainly of Arabs, with small Asian and European minorities.[1]

Notable people

Notes
  1. "Port Sudan | Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-11-02.
  2. "Red Sea University". African Studies Center. Archived from the original on 2011-08-12. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  3. Britannica, Sudan, britannica.com, USA, accessed on July 7, 2019
  4. Monthly Rainfall for Port Sudan (#62641)
  5. "Port Sudan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
  6. "Climatological Information for Port Sudan, Sudan". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2015-10-28.
  7. "Station Port Soudan" (in French). Meteo Climat. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  8. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Port Sudan" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 133.
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References
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