Polyporus

Polyporus is a genus of poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae.

Polyporus
Polyporus tuberaster
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Polyporales
Family:
Polyporaceae
Genus:
Polyporus

P.Micheli ex Adans. (1763)
Type species
Polyporus tuberaster
(Jacq. ex Pers.) Fr. (1815)

The first mention of Polyporus is in the Talmud, regarding someone who touches his nose or mouth multiple times, can cause Polypus to grow. This was written in approximately 200 B.C.[1]

Taxonomy

Italian botanist Pier Antonio Micheli introduced the genus in 1729 to include 14 species featuring fruit bodies with centrally-placed stipes, and pores on the underside of the cap.[2] The generic name combines the Ancient Greek words πολύς ("many") and πόρος ("pore").[3]

Elias Fries divided Polyporus into three subgenera in his 1855 work Novae Symbol Mycologici: Eupolyporus, Fomes, and Poria.[4] In a 1995 monograph, Maria Núñez and Leif Ryvarden grouped 32 Polyporus species into 6 morphologically-based infrageneric groups: Admirabilis, Dendropolyporus, Favolus, Polyporellus, Melanopus, and Polyporus sensu stricto.[5]

The identity of the type species of Polyporus has long been a matter of contention among mycologists. Some have preferred P. brumalis,[6][7] some P. squamosus,[8] while others have preferred P. tuberaster.[9][10][11]

Several molecular phylogenetics studies have shown that Polyporus, as currently circumscribed, is polyphyletic and will need to have its generic limits revised.[12][13][11]

Species
Polyporus varius
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References
  1. https://www.sefaria.org/Shabbat.108b?lang=bi
  2. Micheli, P.A. (1729). Nova Plantarum Genera. Florentia: Typis Bernardi Paperinii. p. 129, t. 70–71.
  3. Donk, M.A. (1960). "The generic names proposed for Polyporaceae". Persoonia. 1 (2): 173–302.
  4. Fries E.M. (1855). Novae Symbolae Mycologicae (in Latin). Uppsala: Excudit C.A. Leffler Reg. Acad. Typographus. pp. 17–136.
  5. Núñez, Maria; Ryvarden, Leif (1995). "Polyporus (Basidiomycotina) and related genera". Synopsis Fungorum. 10: 1–85.
  6. Clements, Frederic E.; Shear, Cornelius L. (1931). The Genera of Fungi. New York: Hafner Publishing. p. 347.
  7. Krüger, D.; Gargas A. (2004). "The basidiomycete genus Polyporus—an emendation based on phylogeny and putative secondary structure of ribosomal RNA molecules". Feddes Repertorium. 115 (7–8): 530–546. doi:10.1002/fedr.200311052.
  8. Ryvarden, L.; Melo, I. (2014). Poroid Fungi of Europe. Synopsis Fungorum. 31. Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora. p. 350. ISBN 978-8290724462.
  9. Overholts, Lee Oras (1953). The Polyporaceae of the United States, Alaska and Canada. University of Michigan Studies. 19.
  10. da Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges; Wright, Jorge Eduardo (2005). "The taxonomy of Echinochaete and Polyporus s. str. in South America". Mycotaxon. 93: 1–59.
  11. Sotome, Kozue; Hattori, Tsutomu; Ota, Yuko; To-Anun, Chaiwat; Salleh, Baharuddin; Kakishima, Makoto (2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of Polyporus and morphologically allied genera". Mycologia. 100 (4): 603–615. doi:10.3852/07-191R. JSTOR 20444985. PMID 18833753.
  12. Ko, Kwan Son; Jung, Hack Sung (2002). "Phylogenetic evaluation of Polyporus s. str. based on molecular sequences". Mycotaxon. 82: 315–322.
  13. Krüger, D.; Petersen, R.H.; Hughes, K.W. (2006). "Molecular phylogenies and mating study data in Polyporus with special emphasis on group "Melanopus" (Basidiomycota)". Mycological Progress. 5: 185–206. doi:10.1007/s11557-006-0512-y.
  14. Xue, Hui-Jun; Zhou, Li-Wei (2014). "Polyporus hapalopus sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China based on morphological and molecular data" (PDF). Mycological Progress. 13 (3): 811–817. doi:10.1007/s11557-014-0964-4.
  15. Runnel, Kadri; Ryvarden, Leif (2016). "Polyporus minutosquamosus sp. nov. from tropical rainforests in French Guiana with a key to neotropical species of Polyporus (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota)". Nova Hedwigia. 103 (3–4): 339–347. doi:10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2016/0354.
  16. Sotome, Kozue; Matozaki, Toshinori; Aimi, Tadamori; Boonlue, Sophon (2016). "Polyporus thailandensis, a new species of group Polyporellus in Polyporus (Polyporales, Agaricomycota) from Northeastern Thailand". Mycoscience. 57 (2): 85–89. doi:10.1016/j.myc.2015.07.006.
  • at Molecular Phylogeny


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