Poikilocytosis

Poikilocytosis is variation in cell shape: poikilocytes may be oval, teardrop-shaped, sickle-shaped or irregularly contracted.

Poikilocytosis
Acanthocytosis is one form of poikilocytosis

Normal red blood cells are round, flattened disks that are thinner in the middle than at the edges. A poikilocyte is an abnormally shaped cell.[1] Generally, poikilocytosis can refer to an increase in abnormal red blood cells of any shape where they make up 10% or more of the total population.

Types
Human red blood cells showing poikilocytosis

Membrane abnormalities
  1. Acanthocytes or Spur/Spike cells
  2. Codocytes or Target cells
  3. Echinocytes and Burr cells
  4. Elliptocytes and Ovalocytes
  5. Spherocytes
  6. Stomatocytes or Mouth cells
  7. Drepanocytes or Sickle Cells
  8. Degmacytes or "bite cells"

Trauma
  1. Dacrocytes or Teardrop Cells
  2. Keratocytes
  3. Microspherocytes and Pyropoikilocytes
  4. Schistocytes
  5. Semilunar bodies

Diagnosis

Poikilocytosis may be diagnosed during a test called a blood smear. During a blood smear, a medical technologist spreads a thin layer of blood on a microscope slide and stains the blood to help differentiate the cells. The technologist then views the blood under a microscope, where the sizes and shapes of the RBCs can be seen.

Treatment

In all cases, the treatment of poikilocytosis depends on its cause. For example, poikilocytosis can be caused by a vitamin deficiency (e.g. vitamin B12, folic acid), in which case the treatment is to replenish the deficient vitamin. It can be caused by a digestive disease, such as celiac disease, in which case the solution may lie in treating the underlying celiac disease so that nutrients can be properly absorbed.

Etymology

The term derives from poikilos (ποικίλος), which means "varied" in Ancient Greek.[2][3]

gollark: Can you post Lyric's Law? It appears to not be on the starboard.
gollark: Looping construct: jump backward one instruction (`L`)Branching construct: pick next instruction or previous instruction (`B`) - next if accumulator > 0, previous if accumulator <= 0.New branching construct: pick next instruction if user types `0` or previous if user types anything else (`N`)Making loop non-infinite: `E`, exits program if accumulator < 0.+1/-1 act on an accumulator initialized at zero (`+`/`-`)A program consists of a sequence of these instructions (first line) and arbitrary data encoded in base64 (second line) which is loaded into linear memory as bytes. These are executed left-to-right until the end is reached; when this occurs the direction of execution will be reversed.Infinite arbitrary data: command (`D`) to set accumulator to value of linear memory at position in accumulator.This language is called "HahaYourLawIsBad".
gollark: Hmm...
gollark: 124 wwwwwwwwwww123
gollark: Lyric's Second Law - "if one can name stuff after oneself, one will do so".

See also

References
  1. Barbara J. Bain (2006). Blood cells: a practical guide. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 71–. ISBN 978-1-4051-4265-6. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
  2. (in Greek) Triantafyllidis Online Lexicon, ποικιλόθερμος, Retrieved on 2007-01-12
  3. "poikilo-". Wiktionary. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
Classification
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.