Pluteus cervinus

Pluteus cervinus, also known as Pluteus atricapillus and commonly known as the deer shield[1] or the deer or fawn mushroom,[2] is a mushroom that belongs to the large genus Pluteus. It is found on rotten logs, roots and tree stumps and is widely distributed. It can also grow on sawdust and other wood waste. Being very variable in appearance, it has been divided into several varieties or subspecies, some of which are sometimes considered species in their own right. It is edible, but of poor quality[3] and not often collected for the table.[4]

Pluteus cervinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Basidiomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Family:
Pluteaceae
Genus:
Pluteus
Species:
P. cervinus
Binomial name
Pluteus cervinus
(Schäffer : Fr) P. Kumm. (1871)
Synonyms
  • Pluteus atricapillus (Batsch) Fayod
  • Agaricus lividus Bull. (1788)
Pluteus cervinus
float
Mycological characteristics
gills on hymenium
cap is flat or umbonate
hymenium is free
stipe is bare
spore print is salmon to reddish-brown
ecology is saprotrophic
edibility: edible

Taxonomy

The species name, cervinus, although generally thought to refer to the colour of the cap, actually refers to antler-like protrusions on its prominent thick-walled pleurocystidia (of which there can be one to three).[4][5]

Description

The cap can be up to 15 cm in diameter, but is often much smaller. Initially it is bell-shaped, and often wrinkled when young. Later it expands to a convex shape. The cap can be deer-brown, but vary from light ochre-brown to dark brown, with a variable admixture of grey or black. The centre of the cap may be darker. The cap surface is smooth and matte to silky-reflective. The cap skin shows dark radial fibres when seen through a lens, indicating that the microscopic cuticle structure is filamentous. The gills are initially white, but soon show a distinctive pinkish sheen, caused by the ripening spores. The stipe is 5–12 cm long and 0.7-2.0 cm in diameter, usually thicker at the base. It is covered with brown vertical fibrils on a white ground. The flesh is soft and white. The mushroom has a mild to earthy radish smell and a mild taste at first, which may become slightly bitter.

The spore size is approximately 8×5μ, and the individual spores are elliptical and smooth. The spore print is salmon-pink to reddish brown.[4]

It grows on logs and stumps, and can be found most commonly in the spring and fall.

  • Mature P. cervinus
  • Young P. cervinus
  • Cystidia with apical projections
  • Pluteus cervinus spores
  • Pluteus cervinus
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See also

Citations
  1. Phillips R. "Pluteus cervinus". Rogers Plants Ltd. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
  2. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms, 2006
  3. Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 159. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
  4. Kuo, Michael (December 2004). "Pluteus cervinus: The Deer Mushroom". Retrieved August 8, 2013.
  5. Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month

References
  • This article is partly translated from the German page.
  • Meinhard Moser: Basidiomycetes II: Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze, Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart (1978). English edition: translated by Simon Plant: Keys to Agarics and Boleti (Roger Phillips 1983)
  • Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994-2000). ISBN 2-603-00953-2
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