Plasmodium yoelii

Plasmodium yoelii is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Vinckeia. As in all Plasmodium species, P. yoelii has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals.

Plasmodium yoelii
Scientific classification
(unranked): Diaphoretickes
Kingdom: Chromista
Subkingdom: Harosa
Infrakingdom: Alveolata
Phylum: Apicomplexa
Class: Aconoidasida
Order: Haemospororida
Family: Plasmodiidae
Genus: Plasmodium
Species:
P. yoelii
Binomial name
Plasmodium yoelii
Landau, Michel and Adam, 1968
Subspecies
  • Plasmodium yoelii killicki
  • Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis
  • Plasmodium yoelii yoelli

Taxonomy

This species was described in 1968 by Landau, Michel and Adam. Three subspecies are recognised: P. y. killicki, P. y. nigeriensis and P. y. yoelli.

Distribution

This species occurs in Africa.

Vectors

The natural vectors of this species are not currently known. One possible is the female Anopheles mosquito which serves as a vector for Plasmodium vivax.

Hosts

This species infects Thamnomys rutilans.

Notes

It is used in the laboratory to infect mice, as a model of human malaria, particularly with respect to the immune response. It is advantageous to have a whole-animal model of malaria because often it is difficult to know which factors to study in vitro, particularly in a complex system like the immune system. Moreover, for many experiments it is not ethical or practical to use humans.

One of the special things about this particular model is that it has two strains with vastly different pathogenicity. These are generally referred to as the "lethal" and "non-lethal" strains of the species. Comparison of these two strains can be used to deduce which factors may contribute to more serious malaria infections in humans.

gollark: As such, give me capital so I don't have to wait on Colab.
gollark: If I had capital, I could buy substantially more powerful GPUs.
gollark: In order to know whether it's normal or not.
gollark: You can already have that, on more task-specific models.
gollark: It's not a sphere.

References

    Further reading
    • Charoenvit, Yupin; Leef, Mary; Yuan, Leo; Sedegah, Martha; Beaudoin, Richard (March 1987). "Characterization of Plasmodium yoelii Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Stage-specific Sporozoite Antigens". Infection and Immunity. 55 (1987): 604–608. PMC 260381. PMID 2434426.
    • Keitany, Gladys J.; Sack, Brandon; Smithers, Hannah; Chen, Lin; Jang, Ihn K.; Sebastian, Leslie (December 2012). "Immunization of Mice with Live-Attenuated Late Liver Stage-Arresting Plasmodium yoelii Parasites Generates Protective Antibody Responses to Preerythrocytic Stages of Malaria". Infection and Immunity. 82 (12): 5143–5153. doi:10.1128/IAI.02320-14. PMC 4249261. PMID 25267837.
    • White, Chelsi E.; Villarino, Nicolas F.; Sloan, Sarah S.; Ganusov, Vitaly V.; Schmidt, Nathan W. (10 December 2014). "Plasmodium Suppresses Expansion of T Cell Responses to Heterologous Infections". The Journal of Immunology. 194 (2): 697–708. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1401745. PMC 4282975. PMID 25505280.
    • Valeelat O., Okeola; Oluwatosin A., Adaramoye; Chiaka M., Nneji (January 2011). "Antimalarial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds (black cumin) in mice infected with Plasmodium yoelli nigeriensis". Parasitology Research. 108 (6): 1507–1512. doi:10.1007/s00436-010-2204-4. PMID 21153838.
    • Harupa, Anke; Sack, Brandon; Lashmanan, Viswanathan (2014). "SSP3 Is a Novel Plasmodium yoelii Sporozoite Surface Protein with a Role in Gliding Motility". Infection and Immunity. 82 (11): 4643–4653. doi:10.1128/IAI.01800-14. PMC 4249349. PMID 25156733.
    • Kaushansky, Alexis; Austin, Laura S.; Mikolajczak, Sebastian A.; Fang, Y. Lo; Miller, Jessica A.; Douglass, Alyse N.; Arang, Nadia; Vaughan, Ashley M.; Gardner, Malcolm J.; Kappe, Stefan H. I. (January 2015). "Susceptibility to Plasmodium yoelii Preerythrocytic Infection in BALB/c Substrains Is Determined at the Point of Hepatocyte Invasion". Infection and Immunity. 83 (1): 39–47. doi:10.1128/IAI.02230-14. PMC 4288894. PMID 25312960.
    Information about the genome and genes of P. yoelii
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