Pincian Hill

The Pincian Hill (/ˈpɪnsiən/; Italian: Pincio [ˈpintʃo]; Latin: Mons Pincius) is a hill in the northeast quadrant of the historical center of Rome. The hill lies to the north of the Quirinal, overlooking the Campus Martius. It was outside the original boundaries of the ancient city of Rome, and was not one of the Seven hills of Rome, but it lies within the wall built by Roman Emperor Aurelian between 270 and 273.

The Pincian Hill
Hill of Rome
Latin nameCollis Hortorum
("Hill of the Gardens"),
or Mons Pincius
Italian namePincio
RionePrati
BuildingsGalleria Borghese, Borghese gardens, Horti Lucullani, Horti Sallustiani, Horti Pompeiani, Horti Aciliorum, Piazza del Popolo
PeoplePincii, Scipione Borghese
Steps lead from the Piazza del Popolo to the Pincian Hill to the east.
The view from the Pincian Hill overlooking Piazza del Popolo toward St. Peter's Basilica

Villas and gardens

Several important families in Ancient Rome had villas and gardens (horti) on the south-facing slopes in the late Roman Republic, including the Horti Lucullani (created by Lucullus), the Horti Sallustiani (created by the historian Sallust), the Horti Pompeiani, and the Horti Aciliorum. The hill came to be known in Roman times as Collis Hortorum (the "Hill of Gardens"). Its current name comes from the Pincii, one of the families that occupied it in the 4th century AD.

Modern Rome

The Pincio as seen today was laid out in 1809-14 by Giuseppe Valadier;[1] the French Academy at Rome had moved into the Villa Medici in 1802. The orchards of the Pincian were laid out with wide gravelled allées (viali) that are struck through dense boschi to unite some pre-existing features: one viale extends a garden axis of the Villa Medici to the obelisk (illustration, left) placed at the center of radiating viali. The obelisk was erected in September 1822[2] to provide an eye-catcher in the vistas; it is a Roman obelisk, not an Egyptian one, erected under the Emperor Hadrian in the early 2nd century, as part of a memorial to his beloved Antinous outside the Porta Maggiore.[3] The Piazza Napoleone— in fact Napoleon's grand urbanistic example was set from a distance, as he never visited Rome— is a grand open space that looks out over Piazza del Popolo, also laid out by Valadier, and provides views to the west, and of the skyline of Rome beyond. Valadier linked the two spaces with formal staircases broken by generous landings, (illustration) and a switchback carriageway.

In 1873 a hydrochronometer on the 1867 design of Gian Battista Embriaco, O.P.[4] inventor and professor of the College of St. Thomas in Rome was built on the Pincian Hill in emulation of the one at the College of St. Thomas. Another version stands in the Villa Borghese gardens. Embriaco had presented two prototypes of his invention at the Paris Universal Exposition in 1867 where it won prizes and great acclaim.[5]

In the gardens of the Pincian, it was Giuseppe Mazzini's urging[6] that lined the viali with busts of notable Italians.

Though the Villa Ludovisi was built over at the turn of the 20th century, several villas and their gardens still occupy the hill, including the Borghese gardens, linked to the Pincio by a pedestrian bridge that crosses the via del Muro Torto in the narrow cleft below; the Muro Torto is the winding stretch of the Aurelian Wall, pierced by the Porta Pinciana.

  • Embriaco's hydrochronometer in the Villa Borghese gardens
  • A hydrochronometer at Palazzo Berardi, Rome
  • The Hadrianic Obelisco del Pincio, re-erected here in 1822
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See also

References
  1. The site held the Horti Domitii in ancient times. (TCI, Roma e dintorni 1965:271.
  2. "Obelisk of the World"
  3. Roberto Piperno, "Rome ArtLover: Obelisks of Rome"
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-12-05. Retrieved 2013-03-20.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Accessed 20 March 2013: "È infatti del 1867 l'invenzione dell'idrocronometro, dovuta al padre domenicano Giovanni Battista Embriaco, che attese ai suoi studi di meccanica applicata all'orologeria nella solitudine del convento della Minerva."
  5. it:Idrocronometro Accessed 20 March 2013; "Storia del Progetto" https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Bug7LKOP08YJ:https://www.comune.roma.it/PCR/resources/cms/documents/storia-idrocronometro.pdf+idrocronometro+%22storia+del+progetto%22&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiGp8xz15iBCs0S33njoGp3ahPhWhYboWzWGkSevHXbmopZpVjeB2eeLuARhkOU9xVdGNOrRBDcpo6ZpFLZ7y_EBpxiRVc5gL1pc4NOloVKHcCyAiFEo2ZnRZtTWxchmaZPm8u5&sig=AHIEtbSmcoAIHFoLacFIXx-vRZzoi9hdJQ Accessed 20 March. 2013
  6. According to (Touring Club Italiano), Roma e dintorni 1965:271

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