Physalaemus maculiventris

Physalaemus maculiventris
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Leptodactylidae
Genus:	Physalaemus
Species:	P. maculiventris
Binomial name
	Physalaemus maculiventris; (Lutz, 1925)
Synonyms[2]
	Eupemphix maculiventris Lutz, 1925 ;

Physalaemus maculiventris is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae.[1][2] It is endemic to Southeast and South Brazil and is known primarily from the Serra do Mar in Espírito Santo,[1] Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo state, Paraná, and Santa Catarina states.[1][2] Common name Mantagnes dwarf frog has been proposed for it.[2]

Description

Adult males measure 19–22 mm (0.7–0.9 in) and adult females 20–25 mm (0.8–1.0 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is pointed or pointed-subelliptical in dorsal view and acute or rounded-acute in profile. The tympanum is not visible. The finger and toe tips are rounded or slightly swollen but without discs; webbing is also absent. The dorsum is brown and tan with yellow outlining. The hands and feet have orange highlights. The iris is bronze. Males have a single vocal sac.[3]

Habitat and conservation

Physalaemus maculiventris occurs in primary and secondary forest at elevations of about 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level; it can occur on the forest edge but not in more open areas. It is terrestrial frog usually found near temporary ponds or in the water. Breeding takes place in temporary ponds where a foam nest is built.[1]

Physalaemus maculiventris is a common species, but it can be threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture, livestock grazing, clear-cutting, tourism, and human settlement. It is found in several protected areas.[1]

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References

Segalla, M.V. & Peixoto, O.L. (2004). "Physalaemus maculiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T57263A11596049. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Physalaemus maculiventris (Lutz, 1925)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
Heyer, W. R.; Rand, A. S.; Cruz, C. A. G.; Peixoto, O. L. & Nelson, C. E. (1990). "Frogs of Boracéia". Arquivos de Zoologia. 31: 231–410. (Physalaemus maculiventris: pp. 315–316.)

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[IUCN-1] Segalla, M.V. & Peixoto, O.L. (2004). "Physalaemus maculiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T57263A11596049. Retrieved 27 May 2020.

[Frost-2] Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Physalaemus maculiventris (Lutz, 1925)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 27 May 2020.

[Heyer_et_al._1990-3] Heyer, W. R.; Rand, A. S.; Cruz, C. A. G.; Peixoto, O. L. & Nelson, C. E. (1990). "Frogs of Boracéia". Arquivos de Zoologia. 31: 231–410. (Physalaemus maculiventris: pp. 315–316.)