Phlox paniculata

Phlox paniculata (fall phlox,[1] garden phlox, perennial phlox or summer phlox) is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native to the eastern and central United States and eastern Canada. It is extensively cultivated in temperate regions as an ornamental plant[2] and has become established in the wild in scattered locales in other regions.[3][4]

Phlox paniculata
Cultivar ‘Eva Cullum’
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Polemoniaceae
Genus: Phlox
Species:
P. paniculata
Binomial name
Phlox paniculata
L. (1753)
Fruit and seeds

Description

Phlox paniculata is an erect herbaceous perennial growing to 120 cm (47 in) tall by 100 cm (39 in) wide, with opposite, simple leaves on slender green stems. The flowers, 1.5–2.5 cm (1–1 in) in diameter, often strongly fragrant, are white, pink, red, or purple, and borne in summer through fall (autumn).[5] The flowers are grouped in panicles (with many branching stems), hence the specific epithet paniculata.[6]

A collection of Phlox hybrids.

Cultivation

Phlox paniculata is grown largely for its showy fragrant flowers in high summer. It requires a sheltered spot with full sun or partial shade, in fertile moist soil. Plants may be propagated by division or root cuttings in autumn, or by basal cuttings in spring.

Plants make excellent cut flowers. In hot, dry areas they are sensitive to powdery mildew, and affected stems should be removed immediately.[7]

Cultivars

Many cultivars have been developed for garden use. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

  • ’Alba Grandiflora’[8] (white)
  • ’Becky Towe’[9] (pink, variegated leaves)
  • ’Danielle’[10] (white)
  • ’David’[11] (white)
  • ’Eva Cullum’[12] (deep pink)
  • ’Eva Foerster’[13] (pink/white)
  • ’Flamingo’[14] (bright pink)
  • ’Franz Schubert’[15] (pale pink/purple)
  • ’Grenadine Dream’[16] (red/purple)
  • ’Grey Lady’[17] (lavender-grey)
  • ’Luc’s Lilac’[18]
  • ’Le Mahdi’[19] (violet blue)
  • ’Miss Elie’[20] (pink)
  • ’Miss Mary’[21] (deep pink)
  • ’Miss Pepper’[22] (pale pink/deep pink)
  • ’Monica Lynden-Bell’[23] (pale pink)
  • ’Mother of Pearl’[24] (pearl white)
  • ’Norah Leigh’[25] (pale/dark pink, variegated)
  • Peacock Cherry Red’[26]
  • Peacock Lilac[27]
  • Peacock Neon Purple[28]
  • Peacock White[29]
  • ’Prince of Orange’[30] (orange-red)
  • ’Prospero’[31] (lilac/white)
  • Purple Eye Flame[32] (purple/white)
  • ’Rosa Pastell’[33] (pale pink)
  • ’Starfire’[34] (crimson)
  • ’Uspekh’[35] (violet/white)
  • ’Utopia’[36] (pale pink)
  • ’Velvet Flame’[37] (purple/white)
  • ’Visions’[38] (pale/medium pink)
  • ’White Admiral’[39] (white)

Uses

The plant has been used medicinally, with the leaf extract serving as a laxative and to treat boils.[40]

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References
  1. "Phlox paniculata". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA.
  2. Fine Gardening Plant Guide, Garden phlox, Phlox paniculata
  3. "Phlox paniculata". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  4. "Phlox pannocchiuto, Phlox paniculata L." Altervista Flora Italiana.
  5. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
  6. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  7. "Garden Phlox Plants: Tips For Growing And Care". Gardening Know How. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  8. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Alba Grandiflora'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  9. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Becky Towe'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  10. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Danielle'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  11. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'David'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  12. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Eva Cullum'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  13. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Eva Foerster'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  14. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Flamingo'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  15. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Franz Schubert'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  16. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Grenadine Dream'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  17. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Grey Lady'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  18. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox × arendsii 'Luc's Lilac'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  19. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Le Mahdi'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  20. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Miss Elie'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  21. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Miss Mary'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  22. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Miss Pepper'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  23. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Monica Lynden-Bell'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  24. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Mother of Pearl'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  25. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Norah Leigh'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  26. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata Peacock Cherry Red". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  27. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata Peacock Lilac". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  28. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata Peacock Neon Purple". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  29. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata Peacock White". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  30. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Prince of Orange'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  31. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Prospero'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  32. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata Purple Eye Flame". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  33. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Rosa Pastell'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  34. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Starfire'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  35. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Uspekh'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  36. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox × arendsii 'Utopia'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  37. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Velvet Flame'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  38. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'Visions'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  39. "RHS Plantfinder - Phlox paniculata 'White Admiral'". Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  40. Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 697. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.

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