Phenuiviridae
Phenuiviridae is a virus family belonging to the order Bunyavirales established in 2016.[1] Ruminants, camels, humans, and mosquitoes are the known hosts of members of this negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus family. Of the genera, Phlebovirus is the only genus that includes viruses that cause disease in humans (e.g. Rift Valley Fever Phlebovirus).[2]
Phenuiviridae | |
---|---|
Virus classification | |
(unranked): | Virus |
Realm: | Riboviria |
Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
Phylum: | Negarnaviricota |
Class: | Ellioviricetes |
Order: | Bunyavirales |
Family: | Phenuiviridae |
Genera | |
Molecular biology
Members of Phenuiviridae are enveloped viruses with helical capsid morphology. Envelope glycoproteins of these viruses are distributed with icosahedral symmetry (T=12).[2] Phenuiviridae is a (-ssRNA) negative single stranded RNA virus family.[3] Its genome is segmented into three pieces: L segment (encoding RNA dependent RNA polymerase), M segment, and S segment.[1]
Some members of the family have ambisense gene encoding on the S segment (nucleocapsid proteins). The M segment includes envelope glycoproteins encoded in a polyprotein that is cleaved by host proteases.[4] Multiple different proteins can be encoded on the M segment due to leaky scanning by the ribosome.
RNA transcripts are capped through cap snatching, but not polyadenylated.[4] Translation is terminated by a hairpin sequence at the end of each RNA transcript.[2]
Taxonomy
The following genera are recognized:[5]
- Bandavirus
- Beidivirus
- Coguvirus
- Entovirus
- Goukovirus
- Horwuvirus
- Hudivirus
- Hudovirus
- Ixovirus
- Laulavirus
- Lentinuvirus
- Mobuvirus
- Phasivirus
- Phlebovirus
- Pidchovirus
- Rubodvirus
- Tenuivirus
- Uukuvirus
- Wenrivirus
References
- "International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 2018-02-02.
- , http://viralzone.expasy.org/7101?outline=all_by_species.
- , https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/1980418.
- Tercero, Breanna; Terasaki, Kaori; Nakagawa, Keisuke; Narayanan, Krishna; Makino, Shinji (Oct 2019). "A strand-specific real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay for distinguishing the genomic and antigenomic RNAs of Rift Valley fever phlebovirus". Journal of Virological Methods. 272: 113701. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.113701. ISSN 1879-0984. PMC 6698219. PMID 31315022.
- "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 6 May 2020.