Perfluorosulfonic acids

Perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) are chemical compounds of the formula CnF(2n+1)SO3H and thus belong to the family of perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl compounds (PFASs). The simplest example of a perfluorosulfonic acid is the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Perfluorosulfonic acids with six or more perfluorinated carbon atoms, i.e. from perfluorohexanesulfonic acid onwards, are referred to as long-chain.[1]

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid

Properties

Perfluorosulfonic acids are organofluoroanalogues of conventional alkanesulfonic acids, but they are several pKA units stronger (and are therefore strong acids). Their perfluoroalkyl chain has a highly hydrophobic character.

Use

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, for example, has been used in hard chromium plating.

Regulation

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid was included in Annex B of the Stockholm Convention in 2009 and subsequently in the EU POPs Regulation.[2]

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid including its salts and related compounds was proposed for inclusion in the Stockholm Convention.[3]

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References
  1. "Terminology | FluoroCouncil".
  2. Regulation (EU) 2019/1021 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on persistent organic pollutants
  3. "UN experts recommend elimination of additional hazardous chemicals to protect human health and the environment".
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