Pegaso Z-102

The Pegaso Z-102 was a Spanish sports car produced by Pegaso in Spain in both coupé and cabriolet form between 1951 and 1958. The Z-102 was the fastest production car in the world at the time of production, having reached a top speed of 151 mph (243 km/h).

Pegaso Z-102
1955 Pegaso Z-102B Touring Berlinetta Superleggera at the Goodwood Festival of Speed
Overview
ManufacturerPegaso
Production1951–1958 (84 produced)
DesignerWifredo Ricart (original design)
Carrozzeria Touring, Saoutchik, Enasa (coachbuilt variants)
Body and chassis
Body style2-door coupe
2-door convertible
LayoutFR layout
Chronology
SuccessorPegaso Z-103
1952 Pegaso Z-102 brochure cover.
Pegaso Z-102 bodied by Saoutchik.
Pegaso Z-102 BS 3.2 Competition Touring Spyder.
Pegaso Z-102 Spider Rabasada, 1953.

Background

Pegaso was an established company noted for its trucks and motor coaches, but also produced sports cars for seven years. Pegaso's chief technical manager was Wifredo Ricart who formerly worked as chief engineer for Alfa Romeo, and while there designed the Alfa Romeo Tipo 512. The Z-102 started life as a pair of prototypes in 1951 with coupe and drophead body styles. Both prototypes had steel bodies which were determined to be too heavy and Pegaso made the decision to switch to alloy bodies to save weight. However, the cars were still quite heavy and brutish to drive and racing success was virtually nonexistent. Because the cars were built on a cost-no-object basis the car soon proved too costly to warrant continued production and the Z-102 was discontinued after 1958. A simplified and cheaper version, the Z-103 with 3.9, 4.5 and 4.7 litre engines, was put into production but had little success and only 3 were built.

Production

Pegaso made the Z-102 starting in 1951 and finishing in 1958 having built a total of 84 cars (some sources say only 71). Out of those 84, 28 were cabriolets while the rest were fixed roof coupés. The original design for the Z-102 was penned by Pegaso chief technical manager Wifredo Ricart, formerly chief engineer for Alfa Romeo.[1] The majority of Z-102s had bodies by Carrozzeria Touring (although early Z-102 units carry Pegaso-made bodies), but a handful of cars had bodies by other coachbuilders. Carrozzeria Touring's design built on Ricart's original design, with changes including redesigning the grille, lowering the car, re-positioning the fog lights and simplifying various details to give it a cleaner profile. This body style is the most well known and numerous of the Z-102 bodies. French coachbuilder Saoutchik bodied 18 cars, 3 of which were convertibles, as well as one of the original prototypes.[2] Coachbuilder Serra bodied a handful of cars as well. In house coachbuilder Enasa also built a version of the Z-102 called the "Cupola" which was designed based on sketches from Spanish students. The students were given the challenge of sketching what they thought cars of the future would look like. Prominent design cues from those drawings were then taken, and Enasa brought the car to life. Only two "Cupola" models were known to have been built. One of the two was purchased by Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo. Only one of the Cupola models is known to have survived and it is currently owned by the Louwman Museum.[3]

Performance

The Z-102 had a pressed steel chassis with an alloy body. Everything was produced in-house at Barcelona at Pegaso's own factory, with the exception of coachwork. The Z-102 is powered by a four-cam all-alloy V8 engine featuring dry-sump lubrication. Power went through a 5-speed non-synchromesh transaxle.

The Z102 entered production with a 2.5 (2,472 cc) litre engine, as was used in the prototypes, though later variants used a 2.8 L (2,816 cc), and 3.2 L (3,178 cc) litre DOHC desmodromic 32-valve V8 360 hp (268 kW) engines with multiple carburetors or an optional supercharger. Power ranged from 175 hp (130 kW) to 360 hp (268 kW) and was sent to the rear wheels through a five-speed gearbox with gear-driven camshafts. The base model Z-102 had a top speed of 120 mph (192 km/h). In supercharged trim the Z-102 could reach a top speed of 151 mph (243 km/h), making it the world's fastest production car at that time.[4]

The main beams of the car's frame had large lightening holes, and the wheel wells under the body were used as stressed members.

This rear-wheel-drive car had its transmission in the rear, connected to the differential (making it a transaxle). But it was unusually located behind the differential within a reverse A-frame whose apex was at the rear of the chassis. A fuel tank was situated on each side of the transmission.

The rear suspension was made by De Dion, with the unusual feature that to restrain the tube from side-to-side movement, its tube had a small wheel at its midpoint that rolled in a vertical channel on the front of the differential (which in a De Dion system is bolted to the chassis) instead of using a Watt's linkage or a Panhard rod.

Racing

Z-102s competed in several racing events but were met with little to no real success. Three Z-102s were entered by Pegaso in the 1953 24 Hours of Le Mans (some sources claim the number was 4,[5] and others claim only 2 entered),[6] but during the race driver Juan Jover misjudged the speed of his approach to the corner after the Dunlop bridge, causing him to crash his Z-102 Spyder into the barriers at more than 200 km/h (120 mph).[6] He sustained serious injuries to his left leg from the crash, and Pegaso decided to withdraw their other cars. They competed also in the 1954 Carrera Panamericana, driven by Joaquin Palacio, achieving promising results in the first stages, but an accident prevented an excellent final position.

On September 25, 1953, in Jabbeke (Belgium), a Z-102 Touring BS/2.8 (the old Barchetta used at Le Mans, 2.8 litre single supercharger), driven by Celso Fernández, broke four official R.A.C.B. (Royal Automobile Club de Belgique) world records. Of these records the most prominent was its speed in the flying-start kilometer. The supercharged Z-102 achieved a 243.079 km/h (151.042 mph) average, a record previously held by a Jaguar XK120. This made the Z-102 the fastest production car in the world at that time. The original Z-102 BSS/2.5 Bisiluro Especial Competición (2.5 litre twin supercharged) built to take on the records couldn't be used because of a blown engine.

Concours events

A Pegaso Z-102 coupé with coachwork by Saoutchik, owned by Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza, wearing leopard skin upholstered seats and gold controls won the 1953 Enghien-les-Bains (France) Grand Prix d'Elegance. A 1952 Z-102 "Cupola", one of two believed to have been made and the only one known to have survived, took the Chairman's Choice Award and Best of Show Concours de Sport at the 2016 Amelia Island Concours d'Elegance.[3]

Technical data

Note: Technical data is for the 2.8-liter Z102 produced in 1953.

Pegaso Z-102
Engine: front-mounted, longitudinal V8 engine

with alloy block and cylinder heads

Bore x Stroke: 80 mm x 70 mm
Displacement: 2816 cc
Max power @ rpm: 170 CV (168 hp; 125 kW) (at least) @ 6300 rpm
Max torque @ rpm: 22 kg⋅m (159 lb⋅ft; 216 N⋅m) @ 3600 rpm
Compression ratio: 8.8 : 1
Fuel feed: 4 Weber 36 DCF3 carburetors
Valvetrain: DOHC
Cooling: water
Gearbox: 5 speed manual

rear wheel drive, axle ratio: 4,18:1 to 5,2:1

Front suspension: Multi-link suspension, torsion bar
Rear suspension: De Dion axle
Brakes: drum brakes
Steering: rack and pinion
Body structure: aluminium/steel on multitubular frame
Weight: 990 kg (2,183 lb)
Track front/rear: 1320 mm / 1290 mm
Wheelbase: 2340 mm
Length: 4100 mm
Top speed: 225 km/h (140 mph)
0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) acceleration: 8,5 seconds
Fuel consumption (estimate): 13,2 to 14,5 liters/100 km
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See also

References
  1. "RM Sotheby's - r106 1954 Pegaso Z-102 3.2 Berlinetta by Touring". RM Sotheby's. 2017-07-20. Retrieved 2018-02-08.
  2. "https://www.hemmings.com/blog/2013/03/04/spanish-superfly-one-of-one-pegaso-z-102-heads-to-auction/". www.hemmings.com. Retrieved 2018-02-08. External link in |title= (help)
  3. "https://www.hemmings.com/blog/2016/03/14/1952-pegaso-z-102-cupola-takes-best-in-show-at-amelia-island/". www.hemmings.com. Retrieved 2018-02-08. External link in |title= (help)
  4. Vance, Bill (2006-06-30). "Motoring memories: Pegaso, 1951–1958". Canadian Driver. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
  5. Bareta, Toni (2011-09-02). "CJ-20 Pegaso Spyder Touring Le Mans 1953". Toni Bareta Slot. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  6. "Les 24 Heures du Mans, 1953 | Motor Sport Magazine Archive". Motor Sport Magazine. 2014-07-07. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
Preceded by
Jaguar XK120		 Fastest street-legal production car
244.62 km/h (151.99 mph)		 Succeeded by
Mercedes-Benz 300SL
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