Paraibuna

Paraibuna is a municipality (município) in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte.[1] The population is 19,125 (2015 est.) in an area of 809.58 km².[2] The elevation is 635 m. The SP-99 highway passes through the town.

For other uses, see Paraibuna (disambiguation).
Paraibuna
Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms
Location in São Paulo state
Paraibuna
Location in Brazil
Coordinates: 23°23′10″S 45°39′44″W
CountryBrazil
RegionSoutheast
StateSão Paulo
Metrop. regionVale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte
Area
 • Total809.58 km2 (312.58 sq mi)
Elevation
635 m (2,083 ft)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total19,125
 • Density24/km2 (61/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-03:00 (BRT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-02:00 (BRST)
Postal code
12260-xxx
Area code+55-12
Websitewww.paraibuna.sp.gov.br

The municipality contains part of the 292,000 hectares (720,000 acres) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.[3]

History

The city was founded on June 13, 1666, with the construction of a hut and a chapel in honor of St. Anthony. On June 3, 1773 Manuel Antonio assumed the administration of the settlement Santo Antonio da Barra de Paraibuna. In 1812 the parish was established by the Prince Regent, and made a village, which was raised to a town in 1857. From 1830 to 1870 the area was known for its coffee plantations, and many farms, including the Fazenda São Pedro, were created for that purpose. With the decline of coffee plantations, farmers started to grow cotton. During this time Paraibuna began its financial decline.

A fresh impetus came to the county with the initiation of dairy-cattle breeding since 1922. Other economic progress derived from the construction of the President Dutra Freeway (Rio de Janeiro to São Paulo) and the Tamoios Highway. Construction of the Paraibuna-Paraitinga Dam in the 1960s brought new difficulties to the community: the inundation of prime land and the exodus of agricultural workers. Today the county invests in tourism in order to improve its economy.

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References
  1. Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo, Lei Complementar Nº 1.166
  2. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
  3. Unidade de Conservação: Área de Proteção Ambiental Bacia Hidrográfica do Paraíba do Sul (in Portuguese), MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente, retrieved 2016-10-01
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