Parade Square

Parade Square (Polish: Plac Defilad w Warszawie) is a square in downtown Warsaw. Located between ulica Świętokrzyska (Holy Cross Street) in the north, Aleje Jerozolimskie (Jerusalem Avenues) in the south, ulica Marszałkowska (Marshal's Street) in the east and the monumental Palace of Culture and Science to the west, it is one of Warsaw's central squares.[1] It's one of the largest city squares in the world, and the second largest in the European Union, after the Alexanderplatz in Berlin, Germany.

Parade Square showing a former marketplace (left) and supermarket (right)
The southern side showing Warszawa Śródmieście railway station

It is one of the youngest squares in Warsaw, built in the 1950s together with the Palace of Culture and Science.[2] It was used extensively by the government of People's Republic of Poland for various propaganda parades. The biggest parade held was in 1966 to mark the millennium year of the Polish nation.

Parade Square held a key place in the events of 1956. After Władysław Gomułka's restoration to power, on 24 October a rally was held in the square attended by around 400,000 people. During his speech at the rally, Gomułka condemned Stalinism and announced reforms aimed at democratizing the political system. A symbol of the changes was the refusal to accept Konstantin Rokossovsky, while the microphone was given to activist Lechosław Goździk. The crowd in the square expressed support for the reforms of Polish October, but they also demanded the release from prison of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, the leader of the Catholic church in Poland. Gomułka's singing of One Hundred Years (Sto lat) became legendary.

On 14 June 1987, during the third apostolic journey to Poland, Pope John Paul II celebrated Mass in the square, ending the Second National Eucharistic Congress.[3] The altar was located at the main entrance to the Palace of Culture and Science. During the Mass, the pope beatified Bishop Michał Kozal, who died in the Dachau concentration camp during the Second World War.

The square lost its importance after the fall of communism, becoming the site of a giant marketplace for some time.

Criticized for unplanned ugliness and chaos in the center of a modern capital city, several plans have been made to modernize it and/or replace with something else including plans to construct a Museum of Modern Art[4] in its place (opening 2019) and general gentrification of a square with a new concert hall, different skyscrapers and other facilities.

Parade square during Euro 2012

During the UEFA Euro 2012, which Warsaw was a host city for, a large Fan Zone was located there.

Currently (2017) it is mainly used as a car park and the marketplace has been removed, its role mostly absorbed by the new suburban market at Marywilska 44. The city plans to allow construction on the site of the square. The parking spaces are to be moved to a new, underground facility.[5]

See also

References
  1. Tapon, Francis (2011-12-08). The Hidden Europe: What Eastern Europeans Can Teach Us (in Arabic). SonicTrek, Inc. ISBN 9780976581222.
  2. "Counted as Warsaw's city's earliest squares, Parade Square was constructed in the 1950s along with the iconic Palace of Culture and Science".
  3. Bardell, Geoff (February 2014). Sacred Weapons, Profane Enemies: Saint John Paul II's War on Communism. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781291744439.
  4. Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw. "The Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw, in conjunction with TR Warszawa Theatre, is starting the process to select an architect who will be assigned the task of designing a building complex for the Museum and Theatre on Warsaw's Plac Defilad". Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw. Retrieved 2014-01-20. The investment timetable anticipates that design work will last until mid-2016, and the construction will be completed by the end of 2019.
  5. http://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/artykul/plac-defilad-i-zodiak-z-nowa-zabudowa-co-sie-zmieni,3620872,artgal,t,id,tm.html

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