PPP2R5A

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R5A gene.[5]

PPP2R5A
Identifiers
Aliases	PPP2R5A, B56A, PR61A, protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'alpha, B56alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 601643 MGI: 2388479 HomoloGene: 55961 GeneCards: PPP2R5A
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1q32.3 Start 212,285,410 bp[1] End 212,361,853 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 H6 Start 191,351,975 bp[2] End 191,403,272 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • kinase binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein phosphatase regulator activity • phosphoprotein phosphatase activity • protein phosphatase activator activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • M band • protein phosphatase type 2A complex • Z disc • chromosome, centromeric region • membrane • cell nucleus • chromosome • cytosol • centrosome Biological process • negative regulation of lipid kinase activity • positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation • signal transduction • negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane • protein dephosphorylation • regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity • regulation of protein autophosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5525	226849
Ensembl	ENSG00000066027	ENSMUSG00000026626
UniProt	Q15172	Q6PD03
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006243 NM_001199756	NM_144880
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001186685 NP_006234	NP_659129
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 212.29 – 212.36 Mb	Chr 1: 191.35 – 191.4 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family. Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the regulatory subunit B56 subfamily.[6]

Interactions

PPP2R5A has been shown to interact with:

• AXIN1,[7]
• CTLA-4,[8]
• PPP2CA,[9][10]
• PPP2R1A,[9][11]
• PPP2R1B,[9][11][10][12] and
• PPP2R5C[12]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000066027 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026626 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. McCright B, Virshup DM (Nov 1995). "Identification of a new family of protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (44): 26123–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.44.26123. PMID 7592815.
6. "Entrez Gene: PPP2R5A protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform".
7. Yamamoto H, Hinoi T, Michiue T, Fukui A, Usui H, Janssens V, Van Hoof C, Goris J, Asashima M, Kikuchi A (Jul 2001). "Inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway by the PR61 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (29): 26875–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100443200. PMID 11297546.
8. Baroja ML, Vijayakrishnan L, Bettelli E, Darlington PJ, Chau TA, Ling V, Collins M, Carreno BM, Madrenas J, Kuchroo VK (May 2002). "Inhibition of CTLA-4 function by the regulatory subunit of serine/threonine phosphatase 2A". Journal of Immunology. 168 (10): 5070–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.5070. PMID 11994459.
9. Goudreault M, D'Ambrosio LM, Kean MJ, Mullin MJ, Larsen BG, Sanchez A, Chaudhry S, Chen GI, Sicheri F, Nesvizhskii AI, Aebersold R, Raught B, Gingras AC (Jan 2009). "A PP2A phosphatase high density interaction network identifies a novel striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex linked to the cerebral cavernous malformation 3 (CCM3) protein". Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 8 (1): 157–71. doi:10.1074/mcp.M800266-MCP200. PMC 2621004. PMID 18782753.
10. McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). "The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081. PMID 8703017.
11. Zhou J, Pham HT, Ruediger R, Walter G (Jan 2003). "Characterization of the Aalpha and Abeta subunit isoforms of protein phosphatase 2A: differences in expression, subunit interaction, and evolution". The Biochemical Journal. 369 (Pt 2): 387–98. doi:10.1042/BJ20021244. PMC 1223084. PMID 12370081.
12. Strack S, Ruediger R, Walter G, Dagda RK, Barwacz CA, Cribbs JT (Jun 2002). "Protein phosphatase 2A holoenzyme assembly: identification of contacts between B-family regulatory and scaffolding A subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (23): 20750–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202992200. PMID 11929880.

Further reading

• Andersen JL, Planelles V (Jan 2005). "The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis". Current HIV Research. 3 (1): 43–51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMID 15638722.
• Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle". Retrovirology. 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353.
• Zhao RY, Elder RT (Mar 2005). "Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation". Cell Research. 15 (3): 143–9. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290279. PMID 15780175.
• Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (Apr 2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses". The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID 15817944.
• Zolnierowicz S, Van Hoof C, Andjelković N, Cron P, Stevens I, Merlevede W, Goris J, Hemmings BA (Jul 1996). "The variable subunit associated with protein phosphatase 2A0 defines a novel multimember family of regulatory subunits". The Biochemical Journal. 317 (1): 187–94. doi:10.1042/bj3170187. PMC 1217462. PMID 8694763.
• Fuhrer DK, Yang YC (Jul 1996). "Complex formation of JAK2 with PP2A, P13K, and Yes in response to the hematopoietic cytokine interleukin-11". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 224 (2): 289–96. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1023. PMID 8702385.
• McCright B, Rivers AM, Audlin S, Virshup DM (Sep 1996). "The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (36): 22081–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.36.22081. PMID 8703017.
• McCright B, Brothman AR, Virshup DM (Aug 1996). "Assignment of human protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit genes b56alpha, b56beta, b56gamma, b56delta, and b56epsilon (PPP2R5A-PPP2R5E), highly expressed in muscle and brain, to chromosome regions 1q41, 11q12, 3p21, 6p21.1, and 7p11.2 --> p12". Genomics. 36 (1): 168–70. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0438. PMID 8812429.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (Sep 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, Cayla X, Roques BP, Ozon R (Jan 1997). "Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr". FEBS Letters. 401 (2–3): 197–201. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6. PMID 9013886.
• Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (Nov 1997). "Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production". Virology. 238 (2): 432–43. doi:10.1006/viro.1997.8873. PMID 9400615.
• Ruediger R, Fields K, Walter G (Jan 1999). "Binding specificity of protein phosphatase 2A core enzyme for regulatory B subunits and T antigens". Journal of Virology. 73 (1): 839–42. PMC 103900. PMID 9847399.
• Seeling JM, Miller JR, Gil R, Moon RT, White R, Virshup DM (Mar 1999). "Regulation of beta-catenin signaling by the B56 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". Science. 283 (5410): 2089–91. doi:10.1126/science.283.5410.2089. PMID 10092233.
• Xu Z, Williams BR (Jul 2000). "The B56alpha regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A is a target for regulation by double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (14): 5285–99. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.14.5285-5299.2000. PMC 85978. PMID 10866685.
• Fleming I, Fisslthaler B, Dimmeler S, Kemp BE, Busse R (Jun 2001). "Phosphorylation of Thr(495) regulates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity". Circulation Research. 88 (11): E68–75. doi:10.1161/hh1101.092677. PMID 11397791.
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, Zhu X, Yanagida M, Zhao Y (Sep 2001). "HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25". Virology. 287 (2): 359–70. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1007. PMID 11531413.
• Galea MA, Eleftheriou A, Henderson BR (Dec 2001). "ARM domain-dependent nuclear import of adenomatous polyposis coli protein is stimulated by the B56 alpha subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (49): 45833–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107149200. PMID 11585828.
• Li X, Virshup DM (Jan 2002). "Two conserved domains in regulatory B subunits mediate binding to the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS. 269 (2): 546–52. doi:10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02680.x. PMID 11856313.