Oxynitride

The oxynitrides are a group of inorganic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen not bound to each other, instead combined with other non-metallic or metallic elements. Some of these are oxosalts with oxygen replaced by nitrogen. Some of these compounds do not have a fixed oxygen to nitrogen ratio, but instead form ceramics with a range of compositions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds.

Many can be formed by heating an oxide or carbonate with ammonia. The hydrogen can assist by reducing some of the oxygen. With higher temperatures and pressures nitrogen can be heated with a mixed oxide to yield a product.[1] Other nitrogen rich compounds that can be heated with oxygen containing material are urea and melamine. For example urea heated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate yields a phosphorus oxynitride.

There may not be a definite ratio of nitrogen to oxygen, and also nitrogen and oxygen may be disordered, swapping places at random.


Compared to oxides, the oxynitrides have a smaller band gap.[2]

List
name other name formula

properties

 reference
aluminium oxynitride ALON transparent, tough
SiAlON SiAlNO (Li,Mg,Y,Le,Ce,Eu)
Silicon oxynitride
Sinoite Si2N2O

mineral
CaTaO2N perovskite [1]
SrTaO2N perovskite [1]
BaTaO2N perovskite [1]
CaNbO2N perovskite [1]
SrNbO2N perovskite [1]
Sr2NbO3N [1]
Sr3Nb2O5N2 [1]
BaNbO2N perovskite [1]
LaTaON2 [1]
LnTiO2N [1]
LnTaO2N [1]
EuTaO2N [1]
EuNbO2N [1]
LnNbO2N [1]
LnVO2N [1]
CaTiO2N [1]
CaZrO2N [1]
LaZrO2N [1]
EuWON2 [1]
Ln2AlO3N [1]
PON PNO

α-quartz, β-cristobalite, or moganite structure

Titanium nickel oxynitride NiTiNO
Chromium oxynitride Cr(N,O)
galloaluminophosphate oxynitride AlGaPON [3]
zinc oxynitride ZnON
Titanium oxynitride TiOxNy [4]
K2Ca2Ta3O9N·2H2O perovskite [2]
K2LaTa2O6N·1.6H2O [2]


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References
  1. Fuertes, Amparo (2012). "Chemistry and applications of oxynitride perovskites". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22 (8): 3293. doi:10.1039/C2JM13182J.
  2. Tang, Ya; Kato, Kosaku; Oshima, Takayoshi; Mogi, Hiroto; Miyoshi, Akinobu; Fujii, Kotaro; Yanagisawa, Kei-ichi; Kimoto, Koji; Yamakata, Akira; Yashima, Masatomo; Maeda, Kazuhiko (2020-07-19). "Synthesis of Three-Layer Perovskite Oxynitride K 2 Ca 2 Ta 3 O 9 N·2H 2 O and Photocatalytic Activity for H 2 Evolution under Visible Light". Inorganic Chemistry: acs.inorgchem.0c01607. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01607. ISSN 0020-1669.
  3. Lee, Eunha; Kim, Taeho; Benayad, Anass; Hur, Jihyun; Park, Gyeong-Su; Jeon, Sanghun (5 April 2016). "High mobility and high stability glassy metal-oxynitride materials and devices". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1038/srep23940. ISSN 2045-2322.
  4. Braic, Laurentiu; Vasilantonakis, Nikolaos; Mihai, Andrei; Villar Garcia, Ignacio Jose; Fearn, Sarah; Zou, Bin; Alford, Neil McN.; Doiron, Brock; Oulton, Rupert F.; Maier, Stefan A.; Zayats, Anatoly V.; Petrov, Peter K. (24 August 2017). "Titanium Oxynitride Thin Films with Tunable Double Epsilon-Near-Zero Behavior for Nanophotonic Applications". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 9 (35): 29857–29862. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b07660. hdl:10044/1/52727.
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