Oxynitride

The oxynitrides are a group of inorganic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen not bound to each other, instead combined with other non-metallic or metallic elements. Some of these are oxosalts with oxygen replaced by nitrogen. Some of these compounds do not have a fixed oxygen to nitrogen ratio, but instead form ceramics with a range of compositions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds.

Many can be formed by heating an oxide or carbonate with ammonia. The hydrogen can assist by reducing some of the oxygen. With higher temperatures and pressures nitrogen can be heated with a mixed oxide to yield a product.[1] Other nitrogen rich compounds that can be heated with oxygen containing material are urea and melamine. For example urea heated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate yields a phosphorus oxynitride.

There may not be a definite ratio of nitrogen to oxygen, and also nitrogen and oxygen may be disordered, swapping places at random.

Compared to oxides, the oxynitrides have a smaller band gap.[2]

List

name	other name	formula	properties	reference
aluminium oxynitride	ALON		transparent, tough
	SiAlON	SiAlNO (Li,Mg,Y,Le,Ce,Eu)
Silicon oxynitride
Sinoite		Si₂N₂O	mineral
		CaTaO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		SrTaO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		BaTaO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		CaNbO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		SrNbO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		Sr₂NbO₃N		[1]
		Sr₃Nb₂O₅N₂		[1]
		BaNbO₂N	perovskite	[1]
		LaTaON₂		[1]
		LnTiO₂N		[1]
		LnTaO₂N		[1]
		EuTaO₂N		[1]
		EuNbO₂N		[1]
		LnNbO₂N		[1]
		LnVO₂N		[1]
		CaTiO₂N		[1]
		CaZrO₂N		[1]
		LaZrO₂N		[1]
		EuWON₂		[1]
		Ln₂AlO₃N		[1]
PON	PNO		α-quartz, β-cristobalite, or moganite structure
Titanium nickel oxynitride		NiTiNO
Chromium oxynitride		Cr(N,O)
galloaluminophosphate oxynitride	AlGaPON			[3]
zinc oxynitride	ZnON
Titanium oxynitride		TiO_xN_y		[4]
		K₂Ca₂Ta₃O₉N·2H₂O	perovskite	[2]
		K₂LaTa₂O₆N·1.6H₂O		[2]

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References

Fuertes, Amparo (2012). "Chemistry and applications of oxynitride perovskites". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22 (8): 3293. doi:10.1039/C2JM13182J.
Tang, Ya; Kato, Kosaku; Oshima, Takayoshi; Mogi, Hiroto; Miyoshi, Akinobu; Fujii, Kotaro; Yanagisawa, Kei-ichi; Kimoto, Koji; Yamakata, Akira; Yashima, Masatomo; Maeda, Kazuhiko (2020-07-19). "Synthesis of Three-Layer Perovskite Oxynitride K 2 Ca 2 Ta 3 O 9 N·2H 2 O and Photocatalytic Activity for H 2 Evolution under Visible Light". Inorganic Chemistry: acs.inorgchem.0c01607. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01607. ISSN 0020-1669.
Lee, Eunha; Kim, Taeho; Benayad, Anass; Hur, Jihyun; Park, Gyeong-Su; Jeon, Sanghun (5 April 2016). "High mobility and high stability glassy metal-oxynitride materials and devices". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1038/srep23940. ISSN 2045-2322.
Braic, Laurentiu; Vasilantonakis, Nikolaos; Mihai, Andrei; Villar Garcia, Ignacio Jose; Fearn, Sarah; Zou, Bin; Alford, Neil McN.; Doiron, Brock; Oulton, Rupert F.; Maier, Stefan A.; Zayats, Anatoly V.; Petrov, Peter K. (24 August 2017). "Titanium Oxynitride Thin Films with Tunable Double Epsilon-Near-Zero Behavior for Nanophotonic Applications". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 9 (35): 29857–29862. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b07660. hdl:10044/1/52727.

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[fuertes-1] Fuertes, Amparo (2012). "Chemistry and applications of oxynitride perovskites". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22 (8): 3293. doi:10.1039/C2JM13182J.

[:0-2] Tang, Ya; Kato, Kosaku; Oshima, Takayoshi; Mogi, Hiroto; Miyoshi, Akinobu; Fujii, Kotaro; Yanagisawa, Kei-ichi; Kimoto, Koji; Yamakata, Akira; Yashima, Masatomo; Maeda, Kazuhiko (2020-07-19). "Synthesis of Three-Layer Perovskite Oxynitride K 2 Ca 2 Ta 3 O 9 N·2H 2 O and Photocatalytic Activity for H 2 Evolution under Visible Light". Inorganic Chemistry: acs.inorgchem.0c01607. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01607. ISSN 0020-1669.

[3] Lee, Eunha; Kim, Taeho; Benayad, Anass; Hur, Jihyun; Park, Gyeong-Su; Jeon, Sanghun (5 April 2016). "High mobility and high stability glassy metal-oxynitride materials and devices". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1038/srep23940. ISSN 2045-2322.

[4] Braic, Laurentiu; Vasilantonakis, Nikolaos; Mihai, Andrei; Villar Garcia, Ignacio Jose; Fearn, Sarah; Zou, Bin; Alford, Neil McN.; Doiron, Brock; Oulton, Rupert F.; Maier, Stefan A.; Zayats, Anatoly V.; Petrov, Peter K. (24 August 2017). "Titanium Oxynitride Thin Films with Tunable Double Epsilon-Near-Zero Behavior for Nanophotonic Applications". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 9 (35): 29857–29862. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b07660. hdl:10044/1/52727.