Other Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth

Other Archer Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth (2 July 1789 – 20 July 1833) was an English nobleman, the eldest and only surviving son[1] of the 5th Earl of Plymouth by his wife and cousin, Hon. Sarah Archer, daughter and eventual co-heiress of the 2nd Baron Archer.[2] He was the sixth Earl of Plymouth of the 1682 creation.[3]

Venus with a Satyr and Cupids by Annibale CarracciRaphael, Madonna della Sedia (Madonna of the Chair), c.1514Guido Reni, Charity, 1607Raphael, St John the BaptistReni, MadonnaMadonna della seggiolaCorreggio, Madonna and ChildJustus Sustermans, GalileoRaphael, Madonna of the GoldfinchFranciabigio - Madonna of the WellGuido Reni, Cleopatra, 1635–40Holy Family, then attributed to PeruginoRubens, Justus Lipsius with his Pupils, c.1615Portrait of Leo X with two Cardinals by RaphaelTribute Money? by Carravagio?Rubens, Justus Lipsius with his Pupils, c.1615Raphael, Pope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio de’ Medici and Luigi de’ Rossi, 1518Niccolini-Cowper Madonna by RaphaelLarge central paintingHolbein, Sir Richard Southwell, 1536Cristofano Allori, Miracle of St JulianHoly Family, attributed to Niccolò Soggiummm Raphael, Niccolini-Cowper Madonna, 1508, then in Lord Cowper’s possession, having bought it from Zoffany, now National Gallery of Art, Washington, DCTitian, Venus of Urbino, 1538Cupid and Psyche, Roman copy of a Greek original of the 1st or 2nd century BCThe ‘Arrotino’ (Knife-Grinder), a Pergamene original of 2nd or 3rd century BCDancing Faun, marble replica of a bronze of the circle of Praxiteles, 4th century BCThe Infant Hercules Strangling the SerpentsThe Wrestlers, marble copy of a bronze Permamene original, 2nd or 3rd century BCChimera - Etruscan art8 Oil lampsEgyptian ptahmose, 18th dynastyGreek bronze torsoBust of Julius CaeserRoman silver shieldHead of AntinousSouth Italian craterEtruscan jugOctagonal table with pietra dura top made for the Tribuna, designed by Jacopo Ligozzi and Bernardino Poccetti.Charles Loraine Smith (1751–1835)Richard Edgcumbe, later 2nd Earl of Mount Edgcumbe (1764–1839)George, 3rd Earl Cowper (1738–89)Sir John Dick (1720–1804), British Consul at LeghornOther Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth (1751–99)George Legge, Lord Lewisham, later 3rd Earl of Dartmouth (1755–1810)unknown young manMr GordonHon. Felton Hervey (1712–73)Thomas Patch (1725-82), PainterSir Horace Mann (1706–86), British Consul in FlorenceGeorge Finch, 9th Earl of Winchilseaprob. Roger Wilbraham (1743-1829)Mr WattsMr Doughty, travelling with Charles Loraine SmithProbably Thomas Wilbraham (b. 1751), brother of RogerThe Medici Venus, Roman copy of a Greek original of the 2nd century BCJames Bruce (1730–94), African explorer
Tribuna of the Uffizi by Johann Zoffany. Place cursor over artworks or persons to identify them.

Family
The earl's mother, Hon. Sarah Archer (1762-1838), Countess of Plymouth & Countess Amherst of Arracan, after Andrew Plimer.
Memorial to the 6th Earl of Plymouth at St Bartholomew's Church, Tardebigge

He was born the only son, and had two sisters Lady Mary Windsor, who married the Marquess of Downshire and Lady Harriet Windsor, who married the Hon. Robert Clive, a son of the Earl of Powis and grandson of Clive of India.

Styled Lord Windsor from birth, he inherited his titles from his father on 12 June 1799 at the age of ten, along with his father's land at Tardebigge, the country seat Hewell Grange, and land in Shropshire and Glamorgan. A year later (1800), his mother married Lord Amherst as his first wife, and bore him two sons. It is not clear if young Plymouth grew up with his stepfather (but highly likely); if so, he was exposed to the influences of Amherst's wide-ranging Court and political connections, culminating in his failed (1816) embassy to China. Plymouth was educated at Harrow.

He married Lady Mary Sackville (1792–1864), elder daughter of John Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset, on 5 August 1811.[4] There was no issue of the marriage, and Lady Plymouth later married his stepfather Lord Amherst (after his wife Plymouth's mother died in 1838). Since Plymouth was richer than his brother-in-law De La Warr (1791–1869), his mother-in-law Arabella, Duchess of Dorset and Countess Whitworth, left Knole in 1825 to her elder daughter Mary, on the grounds that her husband could better afford the annual upkeep of the house.[5][6] By 1829–30, the Countesses of Plymouth and De La Warr (or rather, their husbands) had partitioned the Sackville family estates between them.

Career

Lord Plymouth was admitted to the House of Lords probably at the usual age of 21, although he was not active in politics. He voted against the first Reform Bill on 8 October 1831 along with the majority of the House of Lords. He was involved in the creation of the Worcester Yeomanry Division which fought in Spain. At his death, he was Colonel of the Worcestershire Yeomanry Cavalry.

Also during his tenure, the Worcester and Birmingham Canal was built through Tardebigge (Tardebeck, Worcestershire) and good taxes were collected from the nailmakers of Redditch. The canal passes very close to Hewell Grange (now a state prison) and was finished ten years after Windsor inherited his father's title. The canal was finished in 1799; however the reservoirs were built twenty years later, and finished in 1836. Windsor bought Barnt Green House from the tenant Yates family who had resided there for some years.

The Old Grange at Hewell Grange, where the 6th Earl kept his stud

According to his obituary, Lord Plymouth was fond of hunting and kept a large stud at Hewell Grange Worcestershire and at Melton. In October 1832, he entertained the Duchess of Kent and her young daughter Victoria at Hewell Grange[7]

Death

Plymouth died on board his yacht, aged 44, at Deptford. During the night, he suffered an attack of apoplexy, and despite medical aid, died in the afternoon. He was buried in the family vault at St Bartholomew's Church in Tardebigge (then also called Tardebeck), Worcestershire. He is commemorated by an obelisk bearing his name, situated in the Lickey Hills Country Park and visible from Bromsgrove. His unusual forename 'Other' is traditional in the family and derives from a legendary Viking ancestor 'Otho' or 'Othere'.

Obelisk dedicated to Other Windsor, 6th Earl of Plymouth

Succession

At his death, Plymouth was succeeded in the earldom by his bachelor uncle the Hon. & Rev. Andrew Windsor (b. 1764) who died unmarried in 1837. The earldom passed to the 7th Earl's youngest brother (youngest surviving son of the 4th Earl) after which the earldom became extinct in 1843.

The 6th Earl's death without issue meant that the Windsor barony (1529) fell into abeyance between his two sisters, until it was called out of abeyance in 1855 in favour of the younger sister Lady Harriet Clive, who became Harriet Windsor-Clive and whose sons Robert and George also took the name Windsor-Clive. Harriet's grandson Robert Windsor-Clive, 14th Baron Windsor was created Earl of Plymouth in 1905 (third creation), and is the grandfather of the present Earl (b. 1923). Since the present Earl is the owner of the estates held by the 6th Earl, those might have descended by the 6th Earl's will to his younger sister Harriet and her heirs male.[8][9][10]

gollark: For now, perhaps.
gollark: I see.
gollark: Then do that and not space mining, and research the space things on the side, I guess.
gollark: Then… don't do that? I mean, you can learn about rocketry and metal economics and the distribution of elements in the asteroid belt and whatever yourself.
gollark: If it becomes profitable people will just ignore that.

References
  1. "Obituary", The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 103, Part 2, F. Jefferies, 1833
  2. Obituary.
  3. The first creation in 1675 was for an illegitimate son (dsp 1680) of Charles II, and twelfth lord Windsor by writ 1529 (in the reign of Henry VIII). The recent creation in 1905 (in the reign of Edward VII was for the 6th earl's grandnephew Robert Windsor-Clive.
  4. A newspaper obituary (23 November 1833) says 3 August was the date of the marriage, but also claims that his late father-in-law was fifth [actually third] Duke of Dorset (in fact a cousin of his father-in-law). Full text (23 November 1833):
    "The demise of the late Earl of Plymouth which took place on Wednesday (July 10) was very unexpected. His lordship on Tuesday evening was in the full enjoyment of health and spirits. He dined with his Countess in Grosvenor-square, at six o'clock, and afterwards proceeded with her ladyship in a carriage and four to Deptford, where they embarked on board his lordship's yacht, which was to sail at an early hour on Wednesday morning for Cowes. During the night the noble earl was attacked by apoplexy, and although the first medical aid was procured with all possible expedition, he expired on board the yacht at one o'clock on Wednesday afternoon. His remains were brought to his late residence in Grosvenor-square the same evening, whence they will be conveyed for interment in tho family vault at Ewell Grange, in Worcestershire.
    Lord Plymouth was in his 44th year, having been born, July, 1782. He was named Other Archer Windsor. Other is an affectation of a Norwegian or Saxon name ; a powerful lord so called, lived in this country before the Conquest, from whom the earl's family had some pretensions to its descent. The male line, however, became extinct, and the late peer derived his origin from a gentleman of the name of Dixie Hickman, of Kew but his ancestor, on becoming the representative of the Lords Windsor, assumed that name. His lordship succeeded his father, Other Hickman, the fifth earl, 12th January, 1799, and united himself the 3d of August, 1811, to Lady Mary Sackville, eldest daughter of John Frederick, fifth [sic] Duke of Dorset, by whom he has left no issue; the family honours therefore devolve on his uncle, the Hon. and Rev. Andrew Windsor, now Earl of Plymouth. The late earl's mother is married to Earl Amherst."
    The day before his death, being the anniversary of his natal day, the Dudley troop of the Worcesshire [sic] Yeomanry, of which his lordship was colonel,were celebrating its return by their annual dinner, after which the health of his lordship was drunk with all the enthusiasm to which he was so justly entitled by his noble, loyal, and patriotic conduct upon every occasion.
  5. "Knole" p. 793 The Examiner, Issues 883-933. p. 793. By Leigh Hunt, Albany William Fonblanque, John Forster. (ca.1825-6) The text states: "By demise of the Duchess of Dorset, the Earls of Plymouth and Delawar [sic] divide thirty-six thousand a year. Knole was bequeathed to the former, he being the richest man of the two, on the express condition that his Lordship should expend six thousand pounds per year on this favourite residence of the Sackvilles for several centuries. It was given by Baldwin de Bohun, in the reign of John, as a marriage portion to his daughter Alice, but as to the time when it was built, we have no immediate record. Lord Plymouth has projected vast improvements which have already been begun." - Sussex Advertiser
  6. Robert Sackville-West. Inheritance (2010). However, even in 1825, the Plymouths had no children in fourteen years of marriage, while the De La Warrs had already produced several sons. Plymouth's connections with and ties to Knole are not mentioned in his obituary; during her second marriage, his widow and Lord Amherst lived at Knole where Amherst died and is buried.
  7. Lee, Sidney, ed. (1901). "Victoria" . Dictionary of National Biography (1st supplement). 3. London: Smith, Elder & Co. .
  8. The estates include St Fagan's Castle, which came into the family by the marriage of Elizabeth Lewis and the 3rd Earl of Plymouth (it was bought by her ancestor Sir Edward Lewis of Van from Sir William Herbert (of the earls of Powis) in 1616). The castle and surrounding lands were given by the young 3rd Earl (of the 1905 creation) to form a Folk Museum in 1946, and it became the Welsh Folk Museum (now called the National Museum of Wales - Museum of Rural Life). Sir Edward Lewis of Van also owned other estates in Glamorgan as well as property in Wiltshire and Buckinghamshire Source: The Major Historic Family Estates in the Cardiff Area: Plymouth Estates Ltd.. retrieved 3 December 2012
  9. The earls of Plymouth own no property in Plymouth or around the city, rather like the Duke of Devonshire who has no property in that county. The family owned Peel Hall in Cheshire, Hewell Grange (rebuilt late 19th century by Robert Windsor-Clive, 1st earl of the 1905 creation; now a state prison since the 20th century) in Worcestershire, and Oakley in Shropshire, as well as lands in Flintshire. St. Fagan's Castle in Glamorgan was the family seat from the time of the 3rd Earl, our 6th Earl's great-grandfather. Source:"Earls of Plymouth" updated 11 January 2011, retrieved 15 February 2015
  10. For the descent of the Tardebigge and Bordersley estates, see 'Parishes: Tardebigge', A History of the County of Worcester: volume 3 (1913), pp. 223-230. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43113 Date accessed: 3 December 2012. However, it is still not clear if the 6th Earl left the estates to his sister Harriet or whether she inherited by will of the 8th and last Earl. When she died 1869, the estates passed to her grandson the future earl of Plymouth.
  • Portrait of Lord Plymouth by Sir Thomas Lawrence in 1817. A companion portrait of the Countess by the same painter also exists.
  • Another (portrait by John Opie (date unknown)) is displayed at Kelmarsh Hall, the home of Nancy Lancaster.
  • Another entry on the earls of Plymouth, also mentions the embarrassed state of Thomas Lewis's finances. Thomas Lewis was the father-in-law of the 3rd earl. Notably, the three earls of the present creation have been far more active in public affairs than the last four earls (5th to 8th) of the second creation.
Peerage of England
Preceded by
Other Windsor		 Earl of Plymouth
1799–1833		 Succeeded by
Rev Andrew Windsor, 7th Earl
Peerage of England
Preceded by
Other Windsor		 Baron Windsor
1799–1833		 Succeeded by
Abeyant

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