Operation Midnight Climax

Operation Midnight Climax was an operation initially established in 1954 by Sidney Gottlieb and placed under the direction of the Federal Narcotics Bureau in Boston, Massachusetts with the officer George Hunter White under the pseudonym of Morgan Hall for the CIA as a sub-project of Project MKUltra, the CIA mind-control research program that began in the 1950s.[1] Before the programs were shut down, hundreds of scientists would work on them.

History

The project that started in 1954 consisted of a web of CIA-run safehouses in San Francisco, Marin County, California, and New York City. It was established in order to study the effects of LSD on unconsenting individuals. Prostitutes on the CIA payroll were instructed to lure clients back to the safehouses, where they were surreptitiously plied with a wide range of substances, including LSD, and monitored behind one-way glass.

Every one of these acts was blatantly illegal and several significant operational techniques were developed in this theater, including extensive research into sexual blackmail, surveillance technology, and the possible use of mind-altering drugs in field operations.[2] The Operation Midnight Climax program was soon expanded, and CIA operatives began dosing people in restaurants, bars and beaches.[2] The safehouses were dramatically scaled back in 1963, following a report by CIA Inspector General John Earman which strongly recommended closing the facility. The San Francisco safehouses were closed in 1965, and the New York City safehouse soon followed in 1966.

In 1974, the journalist Seymour Hersh exposed the CIA's illegal spying on U.S. citizens and how the CIA had conducted non-consensual drug experiments. His report started the lengthy process of bringing long-suppressed details about MKUltra to light.[2] Project MKUltra came to light in the spring of 1977 during a wide-ranging survey of the CIA's Technical Services Division. John K. Vance, a member of the CIA inspector general's staff, discovered that the agency was running a research project that included administering LSD and other drugs to unwilling human subjects.[3]

gollark: Initial CUDA support (it is apparently maybe 10% faster on nvidia stuff, but generally the same) and nobody ever bothered to change it because all the researchers just bought from nvidia? That seems kind of implausible.
gollark: Which does make me wonder why machine learning tools aren't written against it.
gollark: Yes. This is vendor lockin. OpenCL works basically fine.
gollark: The new iGPUs are several times more powerful than my ~4 year old one apparently.
gollark: I believe they are to release discrete cards this year. Although with 10nm/7nm held up who knows.

See also
  • Human experimentation in the United States

References
  1. Ornes, Stephen (4 August 2008). "Whatever Happened to... Mind Control?". Discover. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  2. Kamiya, Gary (1 April 2016). "When the CIA Ran a LSD Sex-house in San Francisco". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  3. Holley, Joe (16 June 2005). "John K. Vance; Uncovered LSD Project at CIA". Obituaries. The Washington Post. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
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