Oliver Dowell John Grace

Oliver Dowell John Grace (Mantua, Co. Roscommon, Ireland, 19 October 1791 – Mantua, 25 January 1871[1]) was a landowner in Co. Roscommon [2] and politician who served at various times as a magistrate, a Grand Juror of Roscommon (1820s and 1830s),[3] High Sheriff of Roscommon (1831),[4] and as a member of Westminster Parliament for the county (1847-1859). Grace was elected as a Whig MP in 1847, as an Independent Irish Party MP in 1852, and again as a Whig in 1857.[5] In 1867, Grace was appointed Vice Lieutenant of Roscommon, [6] an office he held until his death five years later.

Oliver Dowell John Grace
Member of Parliament for Roscommon
In office 9 August 1847 – 16 May 1859 Serving with Fitzstephen French
Preceded by	Fitzstephen French Denis O'Conor
Succeeded by	Fitzstephen French Thomas William Goff
Personal details
Born	19 October 1791
Died	25 January 1871(1871-01-25) (aged 79–80)
Nationality	Irish
Political party	Whig
Other political affiliations	Independent Irish Party

His deep Irish roots (Grace’s family had been established in Ireland for hundreds of years [7]), his Roman Catholicism, and the fact that he lived on his estate among his tenants distinguished Grace from many of the landed class of the time, who were often Anglo-Irish or English Protestant “absentees” who resided in Dublin or London. Although Grace has been described as sharing the attitudes of the landlord class concerning the rights of property,[8] he frequently identified with the causes of the native Irish when their interests diverged from those of the gentry. Grace was, by his own description, “an unflinching opponent of any Government that will not advance and promote [Ireland’s] interests”.[9] This was evident when, in 1832, he took the extraordinary step of declining to join in the customary address of the clergy, nobility, gentry and landed proprietors to Lord Lorton (the largest landowner in Roscommon) on his appointment as Lord Lieutenant of the county. Grace instead subscribed to a counter declaration in which he and several other prominent figures in the county denounced the appointment, stating that they “view[ed] with indignation the appointment of a nobleman who has always been the enemy to reform. That the opinion of the great majority of landed proprietors, as well in number as in property, is decidedly hostile to this appointment and that it is in direct opposition to the middle classes of society in this county, and the entire body of the people.”[10]

Grace was an outspoken champion of legislation to guarantee “Tenant Right”, which aimed at bettering the condition of tenants “by giving them a legal security in the lands they live in”[11]. His particular ties to the tenantry on his estate are reflected in his funding of a new National School for Mantua in 1869,[12] and his willingness to allow his house to serve as a chapel before the building of the local church in 1870.[13] At the time of his death, he was described as “not only a kind-hearted and singularly generous landlord (one of the last acts of his honored life was to grant leases to all his tenants, who applied for them) but a most zealous practical supporter of every undertaking intended to promote religion, charity, and education amongst the people.”[14] His funeral cortege included 100 vehicles and 2000 people on foot.[15]

Grace is buried in the family mausoleum at Tulsk Abbey.[16]

References

1. Roscommon & Leitrim Gazette, 28 January 1871, p. 2; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
2. Grace held 3000 acres in the parish of Shankill, barony of Roscommon (where his seat, Mantua House, was situated) and in Kilcolagh, barony of Frenchpark. See NUI Galway, Landed Estates Database, Estate: Grace. http://landedestates.nuigalway.ie
3. See Weld, Isaac (1832). Statistical Survey of the County of Roscommon, drawn up under the direction of the Royal Dublin Society. Dublin, Royal Dublin Society. pp. 648, 650; available at https://books.google.co.uk/; Dublin Mercantile Advertiser, and Weekly Price Current, 18 July 1836, p. 4; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
4. Burke, Bernard (1912). Genealogical & Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Ireland. London: Harrison & Sons. p. 66.
5. Walker, B.M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. p. 310. ISBN 978-0901714121; Rayment, Leigh (10 September 2018). "The House of Commons: Constituencies beginning with "R"". Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
6. Roscommon & Leitrim Gazette, 5 October 1867, p. 2; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
7. See Burke, John et al. (1847). Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Henry Colburn. vol 1, p. 488; available at https://books.google.co.uk.
8. Coleman, Anne (1999). Riotous Roscommon: Social Unrest in the 1840s. Dublin and Portland OR: Irish Academic Press. p. 12.
9. Roscommon Journal and Western Impartial Reporter, 17 July 1852, p. 3; available at available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
10. Quoted in Weld, pp. 709-710.
11. Roscommon Journal, 17 July 1852, p. 3; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
12. See Roscommon Messenger, 9 October 1879, p. 4. available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
13. Beirne, Francis (2000). The Diocese of Elphin: People, Places and Pilgrimage. Dublin: The Columba Press. p. 241.
14. Roscommon & Leitrim Gazette, 28 January 1871, p. 2; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
15. Roscommon & Leitrim Gazette, 4 February 1871, p. 2; available at https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk.
16. Roscommon & Leitrim Gazette, 4 February 1871, p. 2.

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Mr Oliver Grace

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Fitzstephen French Denis O'Conor	Member of Parliament for Roscommon 1847–1859 With: Fitzstephen French	Succeeded by Fitzstephen French Thomas William Goff