Olinde Rodrigues

Benjamin Olinde Rodrigues (6 October 1795 – 17 December 1851), more commonly known as Olinde Rodrigues, was a French banker, mathematician, and social reformer. In mathematics Rodrigues is remembered for Rodrigues' rotation formula for vectors, the Rodrigues formula about series of orthogonal polynomials and the Euler–Rodrigues parameters.

Benjamin Olinde Rodrigues
Born(1795-10-06)6 October 1795
Bordeaux, France
Died17 December 1851(1851-12-17) (aged 56)
Paris, France
Alma materUniversity of Paris

Biography

Rodrigues was born into a well-to-do Sephardi Jewish family in Bordeaux.[1] He was awarded a doctorate in mathematics on 28 June 1815 by the University of Paris.[2] His dissertation contains the result now called Rodrigues' formula.[3]

After graduation, Rodrigues became a banker. A close associate of the Comte de Saint-Simon, Rodrigues continued, after Saint-Simon's death in 1825, to champion the older man's socialist ideals, a school of thought that came to be known as Saint-Simonianism. During this period, Rodrigues published writings on politics, social reform, and banking.

In 1840 he published a result on transformation groups,[4] which applied Leonhard Euler's four squares formula, a precursor to the quaternions of William Rowan Hamilton, to the problem of representing rotations in space.[5] In 1846 Arthur Cayley acknowledged[6] Euler's and Rodrigues' priority describing orthogonal transformations.

Rodrigues is credited as originating the idea of the artist as an avant-garde.[7]

Publications
  • Mouvement de rotation d'un corps de révolution pesant, Paris, 1815, Read online
  • De l'attraction des sphéroïdes, 1815
  • Théorie de la caisse hypothécaire, ou Examen du sort des emprunteurs, des porteurs d'obligations et des actionnaires de cet établissement, 1820
  • Appel : religion saint-simonienne, 1831
  • L'artiste, le savant et l'industriel: Dialogue, 1825
  • Réunion générale de la famille : séances des 19 et 21 novembre, 1831
  • Son premier écrit / Saint-Simon, 1832
  • Le disciple de Saint-Simon aux Saint-Simoniens et au public, 1832
  • Aux saint-simoniens, 13 février 1832 : bases de la loi morale proposées à l'acceptation des femmes, 1832
  • Olinde Rodrigues à M. Michel Chevalier, rédacteur du "Globe" : religion saint-simonienne, 1832
  • De l'organisation des banques à propos du projet de loi sur la Banque de France, 1840
  • Des lois géométriques qui régissent les déplacements d'un système solide dans l'espace: et de la variation des coordonnées provenant de ces déplacements considérés indépendamment des causes qui peuvent les produire, 1840
  • Les Peuples et les diplomates. La Paix ou la guerre, 1840
  • Œuvres de Saint-Simon, 1841
  • Poésies sociales des ouvriers, réunies et publiées par Olinde Rodrigues, 1841
  • Théorie des banques, 1848
  • De l'Organisation du suffrage universel, proposition d'un nouveau mode électoral par Olinde Rodrigues, 1848
  • Organisation du travail, association du travail et du capital, 1848
  • Organisation du travail, bases de l'organisation des banques, 1848
gollark: As you can see, centre-justification follows from the combination of left- and right-justification.
gollark: Left-justification:> Left-wing politics supports social equality and egalitarianism, often in critique of social hierarchy.[1][2][3][4] Left-wing politics typically involves a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished.[1] According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, left-wing supporters "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated."[5] No language (except esoteric apioforms) *truly* lacks generics. Typically, they have generics, but limited to a few "blessed" built-in data types; in C, arrays and pointers; in Go, maps, slices and channels. This of course creates vast inequality between the built-in types and the compiler writers and the average programmers with their user-defined data types, which cannot be generic. Typically, users of the language are forced to either manually monomorphise, or use type-unsafe approaches such as `void*`. Both merely perpetuate an unjust system which must be abolished.
gollark: Anyway, center-justify... centrism is about being precisely in the middle of the left and right options. I will imminently left-justify it, so centre-justification WILL follow.
gollark: Social hierarchies are literal hierarchies.
gollark: Hmm. Apparently,> Right-wing politics embraces the view that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable,[1][2][3] typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law, economics, or tradition.[4]:693, 721[5][6][7][8][9] Hierarchy and inequality may be seen as natural results of traditional social differences[10][11] or competition in market economies.[12][13][14] The term right-wing can generally refer to "the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system".[15] Obviously, generics should exist in all programming languages ever, since they have existed for quite a while and been implemented rather frequently, and allow you to construct hierarchical data structures like trees which are able to contain any type.

See also

References
  1. Simon Altmann, "Rotations, Quaternions and Double Groups"(Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986, ISBN 0-19-855372-2): "The family is often said to have been of Spanish origin, but the spelling of the family name rather suggests Portuguese descent (as indeed asserted by the 'Enciclopedia Universal Illustrada Espasa-Calpe')". For more information on the Rodrigues as Portuguese Jews in Bordeaux see also the Jewish Encyclopedia "?". Jewish Encyclopedia.
  2. Altmann and Ortiz(2005), p. 12
  3. Olinde Rodrigues (January 1816). "De l'attraction des sphéroïdes". Correspondence Sur l'École Impériale Polytechnique. 3 (3): 361–385.
  4. Olinde Rodrigues (1840) "Des lois géométriques qui régissent les déplacements d'un système solide dans l'espace, et de la variation des coordonnées provenant de ces déplacements considérés indépendamment des causes qui peuvent les produire" (On the geometrical laws that govern the displacements of a solid system in space, and on the change of coordinates resulting from these displacements considered independently of the causes that can produce them), Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, vol. 5, pages 380-440.
  5. John H. Conway, Derek A. Smith, On Quaternions and Octonions: Their Geometry, Arithmetic, and Symmetry. AK Peters, 2003, ISBN 1-56881-134-9, p. 9
  6. Arthur Cayley (1846) "Sur Quelques Proprietes des Determinants Gauches", Crelle's Journal 32: 119–23, and Collected Mathematical Papers of Arthur Cayley, volume 1, page 335
  7. Margolin, Victor (1997). The struggle for utopia: Rodchenko, Lissitzky, Moholy-Nagy, 1917-1946. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-50516-9.

Bibliography
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