Nigel de Longchamps

Nigel de Longchamps, also known as Nigel Witeker, (fl. c. 1190, died c. 1200), was an English satirist and poet of the late twelfth century, writing in Latin. He is known to have been a monk of Christ Church, Canterbury, from 1186 to 1193, and perhaps earlier (he claims to have met Thomas Becket, killed in 1170).

Works

Speculum stultorum

He is the author of the Speculum stultorum (A Mirror of Fools), a satire in Latin elegiac verse on the clergy and society in general. The hero is Burnellus, or Brunellus, a foolish ass, who goes in search of a means of lengthening his tail. Brunellus first visits Salernum to obtain drugs for this purpose. However, he loses these when attacked by a Cistercian monk with dogs. He then goes to Paris to study, but makes no progress there, being unable to remember the city's name after eight years of study. He then decides to join a religious order, but instead founds a new one by taking the easiest parts from the rules of other orders. Finally, his master recaptures him.

The poem was immensely popular for centuries. Under the title "Daun Burnel the Asse" it is mentioned by Chaucer in his Canterbury Tales at line 3312 of Fragment VII (Riverside Chaucer), in the Nun's Priest's Tale.

Other works

Many other short Latin poems from a thirteenth-century manuscript are attributed to him, along with a prose treatise, Contra Curiales et Officinales Clericos. This treatise is an affectionate reproof to William Longchamp the Chancellor, in his role as Bishop of Ely. Wireker takes his intimate friend (possibly a relative) to task for attempting to combine Church with State.

Bibliography

• Speculum Stultorum, ed. John H. Mozley and Robert R. Raymo (Berkeley, 1960) – critical edition of the Latin text
• The Book of Daun Burnel the Ass: Nigellus Wireker's Speculum Stultorum, trans. Graydon W. Regenos (Austin, 1959) – English translation
• A Mirror for Fools: The Book of Burnel the Ass, trans. John H. Mozley (Oxford, 1961) – English translation
• Wright, The Anglo-Latin Satirical Poets (London, 1874)
• Ward, Catalogue of Romances (London, 1883–93)

Notes

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. Missing or empty |title= (help)

External links

• Works by or about Nigel de Longchamps in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Image from Speculum Stultorum From The College of Physicians of Philadelphia Digital Library