Nicola Napoli

Nicola Napoli, was the President of Artkino Pictures, Inc., the primary distributor of Soviet films in the United States, Canada, Central America and South America from 1940 to 1982. Napoli was a double agent Soviet Spy for the United states. As part of his role he was a member of Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA) and is known to have passed classified Soviet intelligence information (NKVDUS) to US intelligence during World War II. He was the secretary for the Anti-Facists movement in, New York.

In 1941, he became an informant for the secret information concerning formulas and products manufactured by Dupont Corporation of America.

Napoli was born 16 November 1905 in New York of Italian parentage and was taken to Italy at an early age by his parents. He returned to the United States in 1924, and up to 1928 edited Il Lavoratore, an Italian Communist publication in New York. In the mid-1930s, he became an employee of Amkino Corp., at that time the US distributor of Soviet films. In 1936 Napoli travelled to Russia and other European countries. At one time Napoli was an officer of Intourist, Inc., the parent company of World Tourist, which was operated by Jacob Golos, high level operative in the CPUSA's. Napoli acted as a double agent Soviet Spy for the FBI in the United States. Shortly before Golos' death of a heart attack in November 1943, Golos told Soviet defector Elizabeth Bentley that he was turning Napoli over to another Russian contact to continue the covert relationship.

In 1940, following the collapse of Amkino Corp., Napoli founded, with Rosa Madell, Artkino Pictures to continue Amkino's mission. During World War II, with the Soviet Union as part of the Allies, Napoli saw the firm's imports being accepted by a far wider number of cinemas than during the 1930s, with its Red Scare. With the collapse of Soviet-American alliance following the war, Artkino was registered with the U.S. Department of State under the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA) as an agent of the US and Soviet Government. However, both the U.S. Department of Justice and the War Department had full cooperation in gaining Artkino's full compliance. Following the death of Stalin and attendant changes within the Soviet film industry, allowing for production of non-political, artistic films, a wider market for Soviet film product resumed and Artkino found itself in increasing competition with other foreign film distributors in the United States. Nonetheless, the company held its own after Napoli's death, continuing under Madell's guidance until, nearing retirement age, she affiliated Artkino with International Film Exchange and allowed that company to take over Artkino's role in Soviet film importation and distribution by the late 1970s.

Venona

The Venona project decrypt "1699 KGB New York to Moscow, 2 December 1944." is a Soviet intelligence cable which lists the names of scientists engaged on the problem of atomic energy. It has Saville Sax contacting Napoli, who then directed him to Sergey Kurnakov.

gollark: How many new reasonably-sized ones have moved to/started in California?
gollark: Hmm, Intel has more stuff in the US than I thought, but no manufacturing in California.
gollark: I think it's mostly in... Taiwan? nowadays.
gollark: If it did die, we would probably mostly just lose terrible startups.
gollark: How is this related to Silicon Valley? They make (dubiously useful, a lot of the time) software, not hardware mostly.

References
  • FBI Silvermaster file, pgs. 463, 464 (PDF pgs. 64, 65).
  • John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999), pgs. 239, 259, 303. Ra FBI Files, (April, 2018).
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