Aldan, Russia
Aldan (Russian: Алдан, IPA: [ɐlˈdan]; Yakut: Алдан) is a gold-mining town and the administrative center of Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located in the Aldan Highlands, in the Aldan River basin, on the stream Orto-Sala near its mouth in the Seligdar River, about 470 kilometers (290 mi) south of the republic's capital of Yakutsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 21,275.[3]
Aldan Алдан | |
|---|---|
Town under district jurisdiction[1] | |
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Yakut | Алдан |
 Aldan railway station | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Aldan 
| |
  Aldan Location of Aldan  Aldan Aldan (Sakha Republic) | |
| Coordinates: 58°37′N 125°25′E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic[1] |
| Administrative district | Aldansky District[1] |
| Town | Aldan[1] |
| Founded | 1923[2] |
| Town status since | 1939 |
| Elevation | 650 m (2,130 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 21,275 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 20,595 (-3.2%) |
| • Capital of | Aldansky District[1], Town of Aldan[1] |
| • Municipal district | Aldansky Municipal District[5] |
| • Urban settlement | Aldan Urban Settlement[5] |
| • Capital of | Aldansky Municipal District[6], Aldan Urban Settlement[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (UTC+09:00  |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 678900–678902, 678906, 678909 |
| OKTMO ID | 98603101001 |
| 2010 Census | 21,275[3] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 24,715[9] |
| 1989 Census | 27,090[10] |
| 1979 Census | 20,173[11] |
History
It was founded in 1923[2] as Nezametny (Незаме́тный), after discovery of rich gold deposits. It was granted town status and renamed in 1939. During World War II, an airfield was built here for the Alaska-Siberian (ALSIB) air route used to ferry American Lend-Lease aircraft to the Eastern Front.[12]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Aldan serves as the administrative center of Aldansky District.[1] As an inhabited locality, Aldan is classified as a town under district jurisdiction.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated within Aldansky District as the Town of Aldan.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Aldan is incorporated within Aldansky Municipal District as Aldan Urban Settlement.[5]
Economy
Aldan remains a productive gold and mica mining center, largely avoiding the large drop in population suffered by most other towns in the Russian Far East in the years after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Transportation
The town stands on the A360 Lena Highway, which connects Yakutsk and Never, as well as on the partially complete Amur–Yakutsk Mainline railway. It is served by the Aldan Airport.
Climate
Aldan has the typical eastern Siberian subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) though it is affected by the Pacific Ocean more than localities in the lower Lena basin, which gives it much heavier rainfall during the summer than most of the republic, as well as a little more snowfall and rather less extreme winter temperatures – though still extremely cold for the latitude and as much as 10 °C or 18 °F colder than settlements actually on the Okhotsk coast. In spite of the less extreme winters vis-à-vis more northerly parts of Sakha, Aldan has never seen any day above freezing from 22 November to 7 March inclusive. Although winters are somewhat less extreme than Yakutsk, summers are actually somewhat cooler, and cloudier, than those northerly areas.
The coldest temperature recorded in Aldan since the weather station was opened in 1937 has been −48.7 °C or −55.7 °F on 4 January 1951 and the hottest 35.2 °C or 95.4 °F on 3 August 1969. February 1969, with a mean temperature of −33.6 °C or −28.5 °F, has been the coldest month on record, shading the preceding January which averaged −33.4 °C or −28.1 °F. The hottest month has been July 1941 which averaged 20.7 °C or 69.3 °F, the wettest August 2006 with 269 millimetres or 10.59 inches of rain, and the driest March 1937 with only 2 millimetres or 0.08 inches of water equivalent.
| Climate data for Aldan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
27.8 (82.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
25.8 (78.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
35.2 (95.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −21.9 (−7.4) |
−18.1 (−0.6) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
1.0 (33.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
19.2 (66.6) |
9.8 (49.6) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −26.3 (−15.3) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
5.1 (41.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
13.4 (56.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−18.8 (−1.8) |
−25.3 (−13.5) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −30.6 (−23.1) |
−28.3 (−18.9) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.9 (51.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−23.1 (−9.6) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −48.7 (−55.7) |
−46.3 (−51.3) |
−42 (−44) |
−31.7 (−25.1) |
−16 (3) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−30.3 (−22.5) |
−44.9 (−48.8) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
−48.7 (−55.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27 (1.1) |
24 (0.9) |
29 (1.1) |
36 (1.4) |
71 (2.8) |
82 (3.2) |
108 (4.3) |
105 (4.1) |
94 (3.7) |
68 (2.7) |
42 (1.7) |
32 (1.3) |
718 (28.3) |
| Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 4 | 16 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 98 |
| Average snowy days | 27 | 26 | 23 | 19 | 13 | 1 | 0.03 | 0.3 | 10 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 200 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 78 | 76 | 70 | 62 | 61 | 63 | 71 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 72 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 66 | 119 | 192 | 210 | 249 | 262 | 276 | 227 | 144 | 93 | 73 | 41 | 1,952 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[14] | |||||||||||||
References
Notes
- Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
- Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 16. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- Law #173-Z #353-III
- Law #172-Z #351-III
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России" [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
- Igor Lebedev. Aviation Lend-Lease to Russia. Nova Publishers, 1997, pp. 44-49
- "Weather and Climate- The Climate of Aldan" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved May 13, 2015.
- "Aldan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
Sources
- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Aldansky District. (in Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №172-З №351-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1535-З №597-V от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 1 и 2 Закона Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального района муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #172-Z No. 351-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1535-Z No. 597-V of November 27, 2015 On Amending Articles 1 and 2 of the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Municipal District Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
- (in Russian) Official website of Aldan
- (in Russian) Official website of Aldan Youth Theater
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