New York State Route 1A

New York State Route 1A (NY 1A) was a north–south state highway mostly located within New York City. It extended for just under 18 miles (29 km) from an intersection with NY 27 near the Holland Tunnel in Lower Manhattan to an interchange with U.S. Route 1 (US 1) just north of the New York City line in the Westchester County village of Pelham Manor. In Manhattan and the South Bronx, NY 1A used several surface streets to traverse the boroughs, including a handful of one-way roads. At the Bronx River, it began to follow limited-access highways, specifically the Bruckner Expressway and the Hutchinson River Parkway.

New York State Route 1A
NY 1A highlighted in red
Route information
Length	17.84 mi (28.71 km)
Existed	December 1934[1]–c. 1962[2][3]
Major junctions
South end	NY 27 in Manhattan
North end	US 1 in Pelham Manor
Location
Counties	New York, Bronx, Westchester
Highway system
New York Highways Interstate U.S. State Reference Parkways ← US 1 NY 1B →

The route was among those created when routes were first marked in New York City in 1934. At the time, NY 1A ran from the Holland Tunnel to US 1 and the Pelham Parkway at Bronx Park. Over the next three decades, the route was gradually altered to accommodate changes in New York City's street network, including the construction of new roads and the conversion of parallel two-way streets into one-way couplets. The designation was eliminated in the early 1960s.

Route description

NY 1A began in the vicinity of the Holland Tunnel in Lower Manhattan at Canal Street, designated as part of NY 27. It initially headed north on a one-way couplet, with northbound NY 1A following Sixth Avenue and southbound traffic using Varick Street one block to the west. The couplet ended at Houston Street, where both directions of the route turned eastward. As the route crossed Manhattan, it intersected the then-southern terminus of NY 22 at Lafayette Street. The highway continued to follow Houston Street until a junction with Second Avenue, the south end of another one-way couplet. While NY 1A southbound followed Second Avenue, the northbound direction proceeded east along Houston Street for another block to reach First Avenue. North of Houston Street, the couplet ran on a linear northeast–southwest alignment across Manhattan's east side, paralleling NY 22 to the west and FDR Drive to the east.[2]

The one-way pair continued on First and Second avenues to the Harlem River, where both directions of the route crossed the river on separate one-way bridges. NY 1A northbound used the Willis Avenue Bridge while the southbound direction used the Third Avenue Bridge three blocks to the northwest. Between the Third Avenue Bridge and Second Avenue, NY 1A was routed on 128th Street. Across the river in the Bronx, both bridges ultimately connected to Bruckner Boulevard, with the Third Avenue Bridge making the connection via Lincoln Avenue and 135th Street. Bruckner Boulevard carried only NY 1A southbound from Lincoln Avenue to Willis Avenue, where NY 1A north left the latter street to join the southbound route. Now a unified route once again, NY 1A followed Bruckner Boulevard northeast through the southernmost part of the South Bronx to the Bronx River, where the surface street merged into the Bruckner Expressway.[2]

From here, NY 1A was routed along limited-access highways for the remainder of its length. It followed the Bruckner Expressway east to the Bruckner Interchange, where the route turned north onto the Hutchinson River Parkway. NY 1A proceeded along the parkway through the eastern part of the Bronx and Pelham Bay Park to Westchester County, where it ended at an interchange with US 1 just north of the New York City line in the village of Pelham Manor. NY 1A would end on the off-ramp to US 1 (now exit 7 on the Hutchinson River Parkway), while the Hutchinson River Parkway continued northeast through Westchester County toward the Connecticut state line.[2]

History

New York City did not have posted routes until mid-December 1934.[1] Earlier plans, drawn up in 1932 and 1933 by the New York Automobile Club, took US 1 through the Holland Tunnel and north through the upper east side of Manhattan.[4][5] However, by 1934, the approaches to the George Washington Bridge were completed, and so US 1 was rerouted to use that bridge and cross through upper Manhattan. NY 1A was assigned to what had been planned as US 1 south of Fordham Road and the Bronx and Pelham Parkway, using the following streets:[1]

• Sixth Avenue from the Holland Tunnel north to Houston Street (northbound only, as it had become one-way since the 1933 plan; southbound traffic used Varick Street)
• Houston Street from Sixth Avenue (and Varick Street) to Second Avenue
• Second Avenue from Houston Street north to 23rd Street
• 23rd Street from Second Avenue east to First Avenue
• First Avenue from 23rd Street north to the Willis Avenue Bridge
• Southern Boulevard (now partly Bruckner Boulevard) from the Willis Avenue Bridge northeast to West Farms Road
• West Farms Road from Southern Boulevard to Boston Road
• Boston Road from West Farms Road to Fordham Road (US 1) and the Bronx and Pelham Parkway

In December 1937, the Hutchinson River Parkway was extended southward from US 1 in Pelham Manor to Pelham Bay Park in the Bronx.[6] The new highway became part of NY 1A, which was rerouted through the Bronx to follow Bruckner Boulevard and Shore Road to Pelham Bay Park. From there, NY 1A followed the parkway north to a new terminus at US 1 just north of the city line.[7][8][9] A second southward extension of the parkway from Pelham Bay Park to NY 1A at the Bruckner Interchange opened in 1941. The new road was originally designated as NY 1X; however, the NY 1X designation was replaced with a rerouted NY 1A in 1946.[6][10]

The Willis Avenue Bridge became one-way northbound on August 5, 1941, and the Third Avenue Bridge became one-way southbound. Southbound NY 1A was thus rerouted along Lincoln Avenue, 135th Street, and Third Avenue onto the bridge, and 128th Street, Second Avenue and 122nd Street to return to First Avenue.[11] A direct connection from Southern Boulevard to the Third Avenue Bridge was later built.[12] On June 4, 1951, First and Second Avenues were made into a one-way pair north of Houston Street, moving northbound NY 1A south of 23rd Street and southbound NY 1A between 23rd Street and 122nd Street.[13] The NY 1A designation was completely removed c. 1962.[2][3]

Major intersections

County	Location	mi	km	Exit[2]	Destinations[2]	Notes
New York	Manhattan	0.00	0.00		NY 27 (Canal Street)	Southern terminus
		0.93	1.50		NY 22 (Lafayette Street)	Southern terminus of NY 22 and NY 100
		2.96	4.76		To NY 24 via 34th Street
					NY 25 (Queensboro Bridge)	Southbound intersection only
		7.55	12.15		Willis Avenue Bridge
Bronx	The Bronx	8.43	13.57		I-87 (Major Deegan Expressway) / I-278 (Triborough Bridge)
		South end of freeway section
		11.34	18.25		Bronx River Parkway
		11.74	18.89		White Plains Road
		13.18	21.21	1	I-95 (Cross Bronx Expressway) / NY 164 / Hutchinson River Parkway	Bruckner Interchange; southern terminus of NY 1A / Hutchinson River Parkway overlap
		13.94	22.43	2	Tremont Avenue / Westchester Avenue
		15.33	24.67	3	Pelham Parkway
		15.69	25.25	4	I-95 (New England Thruway) / NY 164
		16.54	26.62	5	Pelham Bay Park
		17.42	28.03	6	I-95 north (New England Thruway)	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
Westchester	Pelham Manor	17.84	28.71	7	US 1 (Boston Post Road) / Hutchinson River Parkway north	Northern terminus; northern terminus of NY 1A / Hutchinson River Parkway overlap
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Concurrency terminus       Incomplete access

See also

• U.S. Route 1 Business (now Route 139), which continued NY 1A back to its parent in Jersey City, New Jersey

References

1. "Mark Ways in the City". The New York Times. December 16, 1934. p. XX12.
2. New York and Metropolitan New York (Map) (1961-62 ed.). Cartography by H.M. Gousha Company. Sunoco. 1961.
3. New York with Sight-Seeing Guide (Map). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1962.
4. "Through Routes Mapped". The New York Times. March 20, 1932.
5. "Routes Through New York City". The New York Times. November 12, 1933.
6. Anderson, Steve. "Hutchinson River Parkway". NYCRoads. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
7. Thibodeau, William A. (1938). The ALA Green Book (1938–39 ed.). Automobile Legal Association.
8. New York Info-Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1940.
9. New York (Map). Cartography by General Drafting. Esso. 1940.
10. Official Highway Map of New York State (Map) (1947–48 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. State of New York Department of Public Works.
11. "One-Way Bridges to Ease Traffic". The New York Times. August 4, 1941.
13. Ingraham, Joseph C. (June 5, 1951). "Autos Speeded 15% on 1st and 2d Aves". The New York Times.

External links

Template:Attached KML/New York State Route 1A

KML is from Wikidata

• New York State Route 1A at New York Routes