Neophasia menapia

Neophasia menapia, the pine white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in the western United States and in southern British Columbia, Canada.[1][2][3]

"Pine white" redirects here. For the other butterfly with this common name, see Catasticta nimbice.

Pine white
Male
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Genus: Neophasia
Species:
N. menapia
Binomial name
Neophasia menapia
(C. & R. Felder, 1859)
Synonyms
  • Pieris ninonia
  • Neophasia menapia f. nigracosta

It is mostly white with black veins and wing bars. The species is similar to Neophasia terlooii but their ranges only overlap in New Mexico.[1][2]

The wingspan is 42–50 millimetres (1.7–2.0 in).[1]

The host plants are Pinus species, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Tsuga heterophylla, Abies balsamea, Abies grandis, and Picea sitchensis.[4]

Neophasia menapia are a univoltine species that lay their eggs on live pine needles, as stated by a scientific research paper ("Phylogeography and the population genertics of pine butterflies") that details the differences between Neophasia.[5]

Subspecies

Subspecies include:

  • Neophasia menapia menapia
  • Neophasia menapia tau (Scudder, 1861)[6]
  • Neophasia menapia melanica Scott, 1981
  • Neophasia menapia tehachapina Emmel, Emmel & Mattoon, 1998
  • Neophasia menapia megamenapia Austin, 1998
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References
  1. Pine White, Butterflies of Canada
  2. Jim P. Brock and Kenn Kaufman (2003). Butterflies of North America. Houghton Mifflin, New York, NY. ISBN 0618153128
  3. "Species Neophasia menapia - Pine White - Hodges#4187 - BugGuide.Net". bugguide.net.
  4. Neophasia, funet.fi
  5. Halbritter, Dale A.; Storer, Caroline G.; Kawahara, Akito Y.; Daniels, Jaret C. "Phylogeography and population genetics of pine butterflies: Sky islands increase genetic divergence". Ecology and Evolution. 9 (23): 13389–13401. doi:10.1002/ece3.5793. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 6912906. PMID 31871652.
  6. Pelham, J. A Catalogue of the Butterflies and Moths of the United States and Canada. Revised 18 April 2019


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