Nawagamuwa Pattini Devalaya

Nawagamuwa Pattini Devalaya is a historic temple situated in Nawagamuwa in Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Considering its importance in historical, architectural and anthropological facets, the Archaeological Department has declared the Devalaya as an protected monument in the country.[1][2]

Nawagamuwa Pattini Devalaya
නවගමුව පත්තිනි දේවාලය
Marble statue of Goddess Pattini
Religion
AffiliationBuddhism
DistrictColombo
ProvinceWestern Province
DeityPattini
Location
LocationNawagamuwa, Sri Lanka
Geographic coordinates06°55′26.93″N 80°1′4.9″E
Architecture
TypeDevalaya
FounderGajabahu I of Anuradhapura (traditional belief)

Nawagamuwa also inherits archeological sites that dates back to BC period as per archaeological research conducted in the area.[3] The Devalaya is popular among the masses for its miracles and to receive the blessings of the goddess Pattini.[1]

Legends

The legend has it that King Gajabahu I (114−136) on his return from India victoriously with 12,000 men as prisoners, also brought with him the Pattini anklet.[3] The king built the Devalaya enshrining the Pattini anklet at a place where he stopped to rest on his return to Anuradapuara.[3][4] A different presentation of the legend says that the Goddess Pattini came from India with 12,000 devotees form 16 castes and settled in this area.[4]

History

Verifiable historical evidence about the Devalaya emerge during the Kotte period.[5][3][4] The area was then known as Hewagam Korale, according to Rajaveliya.[3] Excavations around the Devale from time to time unearthed building materials, wells, Dutch coins and iron implements of the Middle Ages. North of the old Devalaya at what was known as the old landing place, coins used during the Dutch period in Ceylon, 1554–1765, have been found.[3] Significant events took place during Kotte Period[5][4]

  • Inauguration of Hewagam Korale by King Rajasinha I of Sitawaka as a gratitude to the soldiers of Hewagama who fought with him against the Portuguese in Battle of Mulleriyawa.
  • Godagama Sannasa mentions about the gift of oil presented to Nawagamuwa Pattini Perahera by the King Buwanekabahu V (1521–1580)
  • King Mayadunne of Sitawaka (1521–1580) had stopped at the Nawagamuwa Pattini Devale to make a vow before he went to war with the Portuguese in the Colombo Fort.
  • Portuguese records reveal that, in 1550, the king of Portugal sent 600 troops to help Bhuvanaikabahu VII of Kotte. They clashed with King Mayadunne at Nawagamuwa.
  • In 1576, the Portuguese records says that they made a military establishment on the place after destroying the Devalaya.
  • King Mayadunne recaptured the lost land and rebuilt the Devalaya.
  • The Captain of the Colombo Fort, again destroyed the Devalaya and leaving a pile of ruins.

Festivals

The major festival of the Nawagamuwa Pattini devalaya is the ‘Gonpita Perahera’ held in the month of August every year. This traditional ceremony has been conducted for the past 1500 years in honour of Goddess Pattini, to invoke blessings on the village. The villages rear white bulls exclusively to take part in the annual Perahera Festival.[6]

Restorations
The Procession of the marble statue of Goddess Pattini arriving to Nawagamuwa Devalaya

Archeological research has revealed that there are buildings in Nawagamuwa Devalaya premises belonging to both the Kotte Period and the 19th century. The 19th-century restorations and buildings were done by Katuwawala Sri Sumanatissa Thero, the chief priest of the temple during 1813–1928.[3] After constructing the Galkanu devale, Sri Sumanatissa Himi constructed the monks' abode or Sanghavasaya and the Vihare or Pilimage in 1894.[3]

After the restoration of the Devalaya in the 1813–1928 period, the Devalaya has not had any restoration until the New Millennium.[7] In 2016, nearly 100 years later, the Devalaya went through a complete restoration, under the guidance of the Department of Archeology. The restoration includes, wood-work using the exact type of Jak trees (that yielded honey-sweet fruits) used by original builders, in addition to copper sheet roofing and granite flooring. The restoration cost 30 million rupees to complete. The project was funded by the Nandana Lokuwithana Foundation.[8] With the new renovation project, a life-size marble statue of Goddess Paththini was brought from India to Nawagamuwa.[7] It was unveiled to the public ceremonially on 19 August 2016.[7]

Conservation

The Department has declared eight archeologically important sites as protected monuments to be conserved[3][4]

  1. Shrine Room (Pilimage)
  2. The Monks’ Abode (Sanghavasaya)
  3. Stone Pillar (Galkanu) Devalaya
  4. Maha Pattini Devalaya
  5. Vishnu Devalaya
  6. Kataragama Devalaya
  7. Dedimunda Devalaya
  8. The grove of ancient Na trees (which is over 100 years old).
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References
  1. "Rituals and Beliefs of the Nawagamuwa Paththini Dewalaya" (PDF). archaeology.lk. International Association for Asian Heritage. 2013.
  2. Gazette 1264 & 22 February 2002.
  3. "Nawagamuwa". Angelfire.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-06-11. Retrieved 2016-08-17.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "Nawagamuwa Pattini Devalaya". Lanka Pradeepa. 13 January 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  6. "Annual 'Gonpita Perahera' of the Nawagamuwa Sath Pattini Devale". Sunday Times. 11 September 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  7. "President unveils statue of Goddess Paththini at Nawagamuwa Devalaya". The Government official news portal. 20 August 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  8. http://srinews.lk/sinhala_news_page.php?id=63&type=Art
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