NINA (accelerator)

Introduction

Given government UK approval in 1962,[1] NINA was a 70.19m,[1] 4 GeV electron Synchrotron built in 1964 at the Daresbury Laboratory site in Cheshire, England to study particle physics.[2] This was the first facility at this site and gave birth to the second national laboratory (after Rutherford Appleton Laboratory).[1]

Along with other particle physics accelerators, scientists had been using the Synchrotron radiation produced by NINA for its unique properties. By 1975 over 50 scientists with affiliations to more than 16 institutions were at work on NINA exploiting this by product of the particle accelerator. This led to the conversion of the NINA ring into a dedicated source of synchrotron radiation at a cost of £3M at 1974 prices.[3] The particle physics was to be exported to CERN, at the time a proposed 400 GeV machine.

Whilst the majority of NINA was reused onsite for the new SRS, some parts were repurposed at other facilities, including the 90 ton Choke which became a key part of the operation of the ISIS neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Lab.[4]

Specifications

Design Energy was 4 GeV and was reached in 1966[1] By the time NINA was closed it had been upgraded to 6GeV.[2] NINA contained 40 electro magnets[1] Initial acceleration was performed by a 40MeV linac in a tunnel outside the ring[1]

gollark: That's not elaborate, that's 9ish characters.
gollark: Well, the simplest solution would make to make the process Turing-complete, and then to make the stdlib never halt if you use this, so you can never use it.
gollark: What beeous things?
gollark: There was a transient failure of local laws of physics.
gollark: Okay, resolved, I see now.

References
  1. NINA-the 4 GeV Electron Synchrotron of the Science Research Council, A.W.Merrison, Contemp. Phys. 1967, Vol. 8, No. 4, 373-384. doi:10.1080/00107516708202160
  2. Daresbury Laboratory, W Gelletly 1992 Meas. Sci. Technol. 3 239 doi:10.1088/0957-0233/3/2/018
  3. New Scientist 12 June 1975. Vol. 66, No. 953 p599
  4. Replacement of the ISIS white circuit choke, Proceedings of EPAC08, Genoa, Italy. S West et al.
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