NDUFB10

NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NDUFB10 gene.[5][6][7] NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 is an accessory subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex, located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It is also known as Complex I and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain.[8]

NDUFB10
Identifiers
AliasesNDUFB10, PDSW, NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B10
External IDsOMIM: 603843 MGI: 1915592 HomoloGene: 3343 GeneCards: NDUFB10
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 16 (human)[1]
Band16p13.3Start1,959,538 bp[1]
End1,961,975 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4716

68342

Ensembl

ENSG00000140990

ENSMUSG00000040048

UniProt

O96000

Q9DCS9

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_004548

NM_026684

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004539

NP_080960

Location (UCSC)Chr 16: 1.96 – 1.96 MbChr 17: 24.72 – 24.72 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Gene

The NDUFB10 gene is located on the p arm of chromosome 16 in position 13.3 and is 2,459 base pairs long.[9][10]

Structure

The NDUFB10 protein weighs 21 kDa and is composed of 172 amino acids.[9][10] NDUFB10 is a subunit of the enzyme NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), the largest of the respiratory complexes. The structure is L-shaped with a long, hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a hydrophilic domain for the peripheral arm that includes all the known redox centers and the NADH binding site.[8] It has been noted that the N-terminal hydrophobic domain has the potential to be folded into an alpha helix spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane with a C-terminal hydrophilic domain interacting with globular subunits of Complex I. The highly conserved two-domain structure suggests that this feature is critical for the protein function and that the hydrophobic domain acts as an anchor for the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex at the inner mitochondrial membrane.[7]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is an accessory subunit of the multisubunit NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) that is not directly involved in catalysis. Mammalian complex I is composed of 45 different subunits. It locates at the mitochondrial inner membrane. This protein complex has NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity. It transfers electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified.[7] Initially, NADH binds to Complex I and transfers two electrons to the isoalloxazine ring of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) prosthetic arm to form FMNH2. The electrons are transferred through a series of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters in the prosthetic arm and finally to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ), which is reduced to ubiquinol (CoQH2). The flow of electrons changes the redox state of the protein, resulting in a conformational change and pK shift of the ionizable side chain, which pumps four hydrogen ions out of the mitochondrial matrix.[8]

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References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000140990 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040048 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Emahazion T, Beskow A, Gyllensten U, Brookes AJ (Nov 1998). "Intron based radiation hybrid mapping of 15 complex I genes of the human electron transport chain". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 82 (1–2): 115–9. doi:10.1159/000015082. PMID 9763677.
  6. Loeffen JL, Triepels RH, van den Heuvel LP, Schuelke M, Buskens CA, Smeets RJ, Trijbels JM, Smeitink JA (Dec 1998). "cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 253 (2): 415–22. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9786. PMID 9878551.
  7. "Entrez Gene: NDUFB10 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 10, 22kDa".
  8. Voet D, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2013). "Chapter 18". Fundamentals of biochemistry: life at the molecular level (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. pp. 581–620. ISBN 978-0-470-54784-7.
  9. Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, Deng N, Kim AK, Choi JH, Zelaya I, Liem D, Meyer D, Odeberg J, Fang C, Lu HJ, Xu T, Weiss J, Duan H, Uhlen M, Yates JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (Oct 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–53. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC 4076475. PMID 23965338.
  10. "NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB).

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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