NDUFB1

NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NDUFB1 gene.[4][5] NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 1, 7kDa is an accessory subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex, located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It is also known as Complex I and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain.[6]

NDUFB1
Identifiers
AliasesNDUFB1, CI-MNLL, CI-SGDH, MNLL, NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B1
External IDsOMIM: 603837 HomoloGene: 129534 GeneCards: NDUFB1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 14 (human)[1]
Band14q32.12Start92,116,122 bp[1]
End92,121,917 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4707

102631912

Ensembl

ENSG00000183648

n/a

UniProt

O75438

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_004545

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_004536

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 92.12 – 92.12 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2][3]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Structure

The NDUFB1 gene, located on the q arm of chromosome 14 in position 32.12, is 5,687 base pairs long. The NDUFB1 protein weighs 7 kDa and is composed of 58 amino acids.[7][8] NDUFB1 is a subunit of the enzyme NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), the largest of the respiratory complexes. The structure is L-shaped with a long, hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a hydrophilic domain for the peripheral arm that includes all the known redox centers and the NADH binding site.[6] NDUFB1 is one of about 31 hydrophobic subunits that form the transmembrane region of Complex I. It has been noted that the N-terminal hydrophobic domain has the potential to be folded into an alpha helix spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane with a C-terminal hydrophilic domain interacting with globular subunits of Complex I. The highly conserved two-domain structure suggests that this feature is critical for the protein function and that the hydrophobic domain acts as an anchor for the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex at the inner mitochondrial membrane.[5]

Function

The human NDUFB1 gene codes for a subunit of Complex I of the respiratory chain, which transfers electrons from NADH to ubiquinone.[5] However, NDUFB1 is an accessory subunit of the complex that is believed not to be involved in catalysis.[9] Initially, NADH binds to Complex I and transfers two electrons to the isoalloxazine ring of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) prosthetic arm to form FMNH2. The electrons are transferred through a series of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters in the prosthetic arm and finally to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ), which is reduced to ubiquinol (CoQH2). The flow of electrons changes the redox state of the protein, resulting in a conformational change and pK shift of the ionizable side chain, which pumps four hydrogen ions out of the mitochondrial matrix.[6]

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References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183648 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. Emahazion T, Beskow A, Gyllensten U, Brookes AJ (Nov 1998). "Intron based radiation hybrid mapping of 15 complex I genes of the human electron transport chain". Cytogenet Cell Genet. 82 (1–2): 115–9. doi:10.1159/000015082. PMID 9763677.
  5. "Entrez Gene: NDUFB1 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 1, 7kDa".
  6. Voet D, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2013). "Chapter 18". Fundamentals of biochemistry: life at the molecular level (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. pp. 581–620. ISBN 978-0-470-54784-7.
  7. Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, Deng N, Kim AK, Choi JH, Zelaya I, Liem D, Meyer D, Odeberg J, Fang C, Lu HJ, Xu T, Weiss J, Duan H, Uhlen M, Yates JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (Oct 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–53. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC 4076475. PMID 23965338.
  8. "NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB).
  9. "NDUFB1 - NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1". UniProt: a hub for protein information. The UniProt Consortium. Retrieved 2 April 2015.

Further reading


This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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