Muhammad Rahim Khan II of Khiva

Sayyid Muhammad Rahim Bahadur II (1847–1910)[1] was Khan of Khiva from 1864 to 1910,[2] succeeding his father Sayyid Muhammad Khan. Khiva was turned into a Russian protectorate during his rule, in 1873.

Muhammad Rahim II
Khan of Khiva
Reign1864–1910
PredecessorSayyid Muhammad Khan
SuccessorIsfandiyar Khan
Born1847
Died1910

The reign of Muhammad Rahim II marked the peak of a cultural revival, during which "more than a hundred works were translated, mostly from Persian into Chagatai Turkic."[3] Muhammad Rahim II introduced printing to Khiva in 1874.[4] He was also "a munificent patron" and wrote poetry under the pen name Feruz.[1]

Excerpt from Ghazals

Below is one of Muhammad Rahim's ghazals in modern Uzbek Latin script:

Furqating soldi dil-u jon ichra oʻt,
Kufri zulfing din-u iymon ichra oʻt.

Nargisi shahlo koʻzung solgʻusidur,
Bir nigahdin bogʻ-u rizvon ichra oʻt.

Oh cheksam furqatingdin oʻrtanib,
Tushgusidur baytulahzon ichra oʻt.

Jurmim, ey mahvash, nedur, har dam solur
Barqi ishqing jismivayron ichra oʻt.

Oy kibi farrux yuzungning furqati
Soldi koʻkda mehri raxshon ichra oʻt.

Ne ajab, koʻrgach yuzing Feruzning
Ohidin tushsa guliston ichra oʻt.

— Adabiyot (Majmua). 2. Tashkent. 2010. pp. 358–359.
gollark: Also because programming has less of a credentialism thing, I guess?
gollark: Probably because it's newer and thus the education system is bad at it, and also because you can learn it well from just a computer and network connection.
gollark: > My coding teacher is just google and YouTubeProgramming does seem to be something people teach themselves a lot.
gollark: I've had pretty good maths teachers consistently, at least.
gollark: ħæħ indeed.

References
  1. Degeorge & Porter 2002, p. 131.
  2. Auzias & Labourdette 2017.
  3. Green 2019, p. 246.
  4. Feldman, Chagatai literature at the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Sources
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