Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis

Montreuil (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tʁœj] (listen)), sometimes unofficially called Montreuil-sous-Bois, is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 6.6 km (4.1 mi) from the center of Paris. It is the fourth most populous suburb of Paris (after Boulogne-Billancourt, Saint-Denis and Argenteuil). Montreuil is located near the Bois de Vincennes park.

Montreuil
Commune
Downtown Montreuil
Coat of arms
Paris and inner ring departments
Location of Montreuil
Montreuil
Paris and inner ring departments
Montreuil
Montreuil (Île-de-France (region))
Coordinates: 48°51′40″N 2°26′37″E
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentSeine-Saint-Denis
ArrondissementBobigny
CantonMontreuil-1 and 2
IntercommunalityGrand Paris
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Patrice Bessac
(PCF)
Area
1
8.92 km2 (3.44 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
109,897
 • Density12,000/km2 (32,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
93048 /93100
Elevation52–117 m (171–384 ft)
(avg. 70 m or 230 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Name

The name Montreuil was recorded for the first time in a royal edict of 722 as Monasteriolum, meaning "little monastery" in Medieval Latin. The settlement of Montreuil started as a group of houses built around a small monastery.

History

Under the reigns of Louis XIV and Louis XVI the "Peach Walls" which provided the royal court with the fruits were located in Montreuil. It was also later home to the Lumière brothers and George Méliès whose workshops were located in lower Montreuil.

On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighboring communes. On that occasion, the commune of Charonne was disbanded and divided between the city of Paris, Montreuil, and Bagnolet. Montreuil received a small part of the territory of Charonne.

Today Montreuil is divided into several districts:

  • Le bas Montreuil (which joins together the old workshops (bordering on Saint-Mandé), the marché aux puces (bordering on Paris, carries of Montreuil),
  • The Mairie (town hall) (the malls, la croix de Chavaux, the mairie, and the church),
  • La Noue (parc des Guilands, city of du Val, Robespierre, bordering on Bagnolet),
  • Le Bel Air (Jean Moulin housing estate, park des Beaumonts, city of Bel Air, city of Grand Pechers),
  • La Boissière (all the north of Montreuil including parc Montreau and parc des Beaumonts, bordering on Romainville, Noisy-le-Sec, Rosny-sous-Bois and Fontenay-sous-Bois).

Main artistic heritage

Heraldry
Arms of Montreuil
 The herald arms of Montreuil is coloured as follows :

Azur-coloured base, one gold-coloured chevron between three golden peach branches , and in center top a golden Fleur-de-lis .
or
Azure, a Chevron Or between three Peach branches Or fructed and in centre chief point a Fleur-de-lis Or.

Demographics

Immigration
See also: Sub-Saharan African community of Paris
Place of birth of residents of Montreuil in 1999
Born in Metropolitan France Born outside Metropolitan France
73.1% 26.9%
Born in
Overseas France		 Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth1 EU-15 immigrants2 Non-EU-15 immigrants
2.3% 2.8% 4.8% 17.0%
1 This group is made up largely of former French settlers, such as pieds-noirs in Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), and to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. Note that a foreign country is understood as a country not part of France in 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics.

2 An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. Note that an immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.

Montreuil's inhabitants often exaggeratedly nickname the town the "second Malian town after Bamako", or sometimes "Mali-sous-Bois"[2] or "Bamako-sur-Seine" even if the Seine doesn't cross the town. Montreuil has indeed a very important Malian population : more than 2,000 inhabitants according to the INSEE in 1999, between 6,000 and 10,000 people according to the mairie,[3] which estimates that Montreuil has the largest Malian community in France.[2] 10% of the population is Malian or has Malian origins.[4]

Administration

The mayor of Montreuil is the member of Parti communiste français Patrice Bessac, who was elected on the second round of 2014 municipal elections, defeating the former ex-Communist mayor Jean-Pierre Brard in a four-way second round. He was re-elected in the first turn of the 2020 elections with 51.34% votes, though with 33.67% participation (down from 53.11% in the 2014 election) due to the covid-19 crisis (which also caused a delay of the 2nd turn in other cities).

Streets in Montreuil

The city is divided into two cantons: canton of Montreuil-1 and canton of Montreuil-2.

Economy
Ubisoft administrative head office in Montreuil

Video game company Ubisoft has its corporate head office in Montreuil.[5] The Air France Paris office (of Air France-KLM) is in Montreuil.[6][7][8]

Education

The commune's educational services are operated out of the Opale B Administrative Building.[9] Montreuil has eight collèges, three lycées, two lycées techniques, and the IUT of the University of Paris 8.[10]

Senior high schools/sixth form colleges:[11]

The Montreuil Library (Bibliothèque de Montreuil) consists of the Robert-Desnos Central Library, the Daniel-Renoult Library, the Colonel-Fabien Library, and the Paul-Eluard Library.[12] Robert-Desnos, in a park near the commune's town hall, is the largest library in the commune. It houses a disco and Internet access points.[13] Daniel-Renoult, near Montreau Park, serves the Montreau-Ruffins Théophile Sueur community.[14] Colonel-Fabien, in the Ramenas-Fabien-Léo Lagrange community, is near the Intercommunal Hospital.[15] Paul-Eluard is near the La Grande Porte shopping centre and is within 50 metres (160 ft) of the Robespierre Paris Métro station and Rue de Paris.[16]

Notable residents and personalities

Transport

Montreuil is served by three stations on Paris Métro Line 9: Robespierre, Croix de Chavaux, and Mairie de Montreuil.

International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Twin towns – Sister cities

Montreuil is twinned with:

gollark: I mean, what even?
gollark: ```haskellmain = print $ traverse (\x -> [x, x + 1]) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]```
gollark: Wow, I have no idea what `traverse` does.
gollark: Zygohistomorphic prepromorphisms.
gollark: There's also the applicative one but you can do that on top of monads anyway.

See also

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Bordier, Julien (2005-10-06). "Mali-sous-Bois". L'Express (in French). Retrieved 2013-11-01.
  3. (in French) Le cercle de Yelimané sur le site de la mairie de Montreuil Archived 2013-11-02 at the Wayback Machine
  4. (in French) c dans l'air émission du 04/04/2012 http://www.france5.fr/c-dans-l-air/international/aqmi-main-basse-sur-le-mali-35834
  5. "World Presence France." Ubisoft. Retrieved on 20 August 2011. "Worldwide Headquarters 28 rue Armand Carrel 93 108 Montreuil Cedex "
  6. "Contact Us Archived 2010-04-10 at the Wayback Machine." Air France-KLM ONE. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  7. "AIR FRANCE office, Paris Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine." Air France-KLM. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  8. "Montreuil et 6 secteurs Archived 2012-05-16 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  9. "Inscrire son enfant à l'école Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  10. "Jeunesse (12-25 ans) > Enseignement Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  11. "Les jeunes (12-25 ans) > L'enseignement Archived 2016-09-14 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil. Retrieved on September 2, 2016.
  12. "Réseau Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil Library. Retrieved on 18 June 2010.
  13. "Robert-Desnos Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil Library. Retrieved on 18 June 2010. "Située dans le parc près de la mairie, la bibliothèque centrale Robert Desnos est la plus grande de la ville. Elle abrite également une discothèque, et des postes d'accès à Internet."
  14. "Daniel-Renoult Archived 2009-06-28 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil Library. Retrieved on 18 June 2010. "Tout près du Parc Montreau, la bibliothèque Daniel-Renoult irrigue le quartier Montreau Ruffins Théophile Sueur."
  15. "Colonel-Fabien Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil Library. Retrieved on 18 June 2010. "Au coeur du quartier Ramenas-Fabien- Léo Lagrange, près du Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal,"
  16. "Paul-Eluard Archived 2010-06-03 at the Wayback Machine." Montreuil Library. Retrieved on 18 June 2010. "A deux pas du centre commercial La Grande Porte, à 50 m du métro Robespierre et de la rue de Paris."
  17. "Our twin cities- Cottbus". http://www.cottbus.de/. Retrieved 2013-06-24. External link in |publisher= (help)
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