Monacoa

Monacoa is a genus of fish in the family Opisthoproctidae found in Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.[1] They are also known as mirrorbellies, in reference to the bioluminescent organ in their intestines.[2]

Monacoa
Monacoa grimaldii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Actinopterygii
Order:
Argentiniformes
Family:
Opisthoproctidae
Genus:
Monacoa

Whitley, 1943

Species

There are currently 3 recognized species in this genus:

  • Monacoa grimaldii (Zugmayer, 1911) (Mirrorbelly)
  • Monacoa griseus J. Y. Poulsen, Sado, C. Hahn, Byrkjedal, Moku & Miya, 2016 (Grey mirrorbelly) [1]
  • Monacoa niger J. Y. Poulsen, Sado, C. Hahn, Byrkjedal, Moku & Miya, 2016 (Black mirrorbelly) [1]


Until 2016, it was believed there was a single species of Monacoa, but in 2016 it was determined that they're actually 3 distinct species. The griseus and niger are distinct from the grimaldii because of their differences in pigmentation. An examination of their complete mitochondrial genomes further suggests the species are distinct.

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References
  1. Poulsen, J.Y., Sado, T., Hahn, C., Byrkjedal, I., Moku, M. & Miya, M. (2016): Preservation Obscures Pelagic Deep-Sea Fish Diversity: Doubling the Number of Sole-Bearing Opisthoproctids and Resurrection of the Genus Monacoa (Opisthoproctidae, Argentiniformes). PLoS ONE, 11 (8): e0159762.
  2. Two new species of deep-sea fish may communicate with light shining from their bellies, by Robin Meadows, at PLOS RESEARCH NEWS; published August 10, 2016; retrieved April 13, 2017


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