Mizo National Front

The Mizo National Front (abbreviated MNF) is a regional political party in Mizoram, India. MNF emerged from the Mizo National Famine Front, which was formed by Pu Laldenga to protest against the inaction of the Indian central government towards the famine situation in the Mizo areas of the Assam state in 1959. It staged a major uprising in 1966, followed by years of underground activities. In 1986, it signed the Mizoram Accord with the Government of India, renouncing secession and violence.

Mizo National Front
Abbreviation	MNF
President	Pu Zoramthanga
Lok Sabha leader	C. Lalrosanga
Rajya Sabha leader	K. Vanlalvena
Founder	Pu Laldenga
Founded	1961
Headquarters	Zarkawt, Aizawl, Mizoram
Newspaper	Hruaitu Arsi
Youth wing	Mizo National Youth Front
Women's wing	Mizo National Women Front
Ideology	Left-wing populism Mizo nationalism Socialism Democratic socialism
Political position	Centre-left to Left-wing
Colours	Blue
ECI Status	State Party[1]
Alliance	National Democratic Alliance
Seats in Lok Sabha	1 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha	1 / 245
Seats in Mizoram Legislative Assembly	27 / 40
Election symbol
Website
www.mizonationalfront.org
Politics of India Political parties Elections

MNF won elections and formed state government in Mizoram twice, first under Laldenga (1986–88) and then under Zoramthanga (1998–2008). In 2008, it suffered a strong incumbency wave and won only 3 seats in the elections.

Currently, it is a part of North-East Democratic Alliance consisting of political parties of the northeast which has supported the National Democratic Alliance (India). In 2018 state assembly elections, it has emerged as largest political party and won 26 seats.[2]

Origin

In 1959, Mizo Hills was devastated by a great famine known in Mizo history as 'Mautam'. The cause of the famine was attributed to flowering of bamboos which consequently resulted in rat population boom in large numbers. After eating up bamboos seeds, the rats turned towards crops and infested the huts and houses and became a plaque to the Villages. The havoc created by the rats was terrible and very little of the grain was harvested. For sustenance, many Mizos had to collect roots and leaves from the jungles while a considerable number died of starvation. Earlier in 1955, Mizo Cultural Society was formed and Laldenga was its Secretary. In March 1960, the name of the Mizo Cultural Society was changed to 'Mautam front'. During the famine of 1959–1960, this society took lead in demanding relief and attracted the attention of all sections of the people. In September 1960, the Society adopted the name Mizo National Famine Front (MNFF). The MNFF gained considerable popularity as a large number of Mizo Youth assisted in transporting rice and other essential commodities to interior villages.

Underground movement

The Mizo National Famine Front, which was originally formed to help ease the immense sufferings of the people during the severe Mautam Famine in Mizoram, was converted into Mizo National Front (MNF) on 22 October 1961. The first OB leaders elected were, President Laldenga, Vice President JF Manliana, General Secy. R. Vanlawma, and Treasurer Rochhinga and the ways in which the Indian authority of the day handled the famine left the people disillusioned. The wave of secessionist and armed insurrection was running high among the Mizos. In 1966, MNF led a major uprising against the government, but failed to gain administrative control of the Mizo district. The secessionist movement held on for about two decades. During that time, they invaded Burma claiming Chin State and Tahan belong to Mizoram since most of the resident in Tahan are Mizo.

See also: March 1966 Mizo National Front uprising

Peace settlement

This chapter of insurgency finally came to a close with the signing of the Mizoram Accord on 30 June 1986 between the underground government of the Mizo National Front and the Government of India. Under the terms of the peace accord, Mizoram was granted statehood in February 1987. Laldenga became Chief Minister, but soon lost power due to defections in the party.

MNF Office

Political party

Former guerrilla leader Pu Zoramthanga became party leader following the death of Laldenga in 1990. In 1998 and 2003 MNF won the state assembly elections, and Pu Zoramthanga was chief minister for 10 years. In the 2003 elections MNF won 21 out of 40 seats in the state assembly, and got 132 505 votes (31.66%). MNF is part of the National Democratic Alliance. Officers of 2017 were:

• President: Pu Zoramthanga
• Senior Vice President: Pu Tawnluia
• Vice President: Pu R. Tlanghmingthanga and Dr R Lalthangliana
• Treasurer: Pu Vanlalzawma

The MNF suffered a heavy defeat in the 2008 state assembly elections, winning only 3 of the 40 seats, and the Indian National Congress swept to power, and winning only 5 of the 40 seats in the 2013 state assembly election. They were able to secure only 30.65% votes in the state.[3] The party has come out very strongly against idol-worship[4]

Role in the national elections

For the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, it formed an alliance called United Democratic Front with seven other parties including BJP, to contest the only seat in Mizoram.[5]

List of Chief Ministers

• Laldenga
  • First term: 21 August 1986 to 7 September 1988
• Zoramthanga
  • First term: 3 December 1998 to 11 December 2008
  • Second term: 15 December 2018 to till date.

See also

• Mizo People's Conference (Progressive)

References

1. "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
2. "MNF sweeps Mizoram, northeast now 'Congress-mukt'".
3. "2008 Elections Results" (PDF). ECI. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
4. Mizo National Front heat on Mizoram CM over 'idol worship' Times of India – 27 April 2013
5. "Triangular contest for lone Mizoram seat". Indian Express. 18 March 2014.

External links

• Peace Accord 1986
• MPs of Mizoram
• Mizo National Front campaign song recorded 1993