Aspiviridae

Aspiviridae, formerly Ophioviridae is a family of viruses characterized by an elongated and highly filamentous and flexible nucleocapsid with helical symmetry.[1][2] It is a monotypic taxon containing only one genus, Ophiovirus.[3] Aspiviridae is also the only family in the order Serpentovirales, which in turn is the only order in the class Milneviricetes.

Ophiovirus
Electron micrograph of Citrus psorosis ophiovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Milneviricetes
Order: Serpentovirales
Family: Aspiviridae
Genus: Ophiovirus
Type species
Citrus psorosis ophiovirus
Species

The name Aspiviridae derives from the Latin aspis (snake or viper), referring to the shape, along with the suffix for a virus family -viridae.[4] Likewise Serpentovirales is from "serpent" with -virales, the suffix for a virus order.[4] Milneviricetes is in honor of Robert G. Milne, the last author on the first paper describing ophioviruses.[4][5]

The protein capsid is non-enveloped and has a constant diameter of 1500–2500 nm and a width of 3 nm, or 9 nm. The capsids form kinked circles, which can collapse to form linear duplex structures, much like a spring.[2]

The entire genome is 11000–12000 nucleotides long.[2][6]

Taxonomy

The family has one genus, Ophiovirus, which has seven recognized species. Members of both the family and the genus are referred to as ophioviruses.[2]

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References
  1. García, María Laura; Bó, Elena Dal; da Graça, John V.; Gago-Zachert, Selma; Hammond, John; Moreno, Pedro; Natsuaki, Tomohide; Pallás, Vicente; Navarro, Jose A.; Reyes, Carina A.; Luna, Gabriel Robles; Sasaya, Takahide; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.; Vaira, Anna María; Verbeek, Martin (21 June 2017). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Ophioviridae". Journal of General Virology. 98 (6): 1161–1162. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000836. PMC 5656789. PMID 28635587.
  2. "ICTV Report Ophioviridae".
  3. "Virus Taxonomy: 2018 Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  4. Wolf, Yuri; Krupovic, Mart; Zhang, Yong Zhen; Maes, Piet; Dolja, Valerian; Koonin, Eugene V.; Kuhn, Jens H. "Megataxonomy of negative-sense RNA viruses" (docx). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  5. García, Maria Laura; Dal Bó, Elena; Grau, Oscar; Milne, Robert G. (1 December 1994). "The closely related citrus ringspot and citrus psorosis viruses have particles of novel filamentous morphology". Journal of General Virology. 75 (12): 3585–3590. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-75-12-3585. ISSN 0022-1317. OCLC 107178738. PMID 7996151.
  6. ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.094.0.01. Ophiovirus. In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA.
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