Maylandia

Maylandia or Metriaclima is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to Lake Malawi in East Africa. They belong to the mbuna (rock-dwelling) haplochromines.[1]

Maylandia
Female Kennyi Mbuna or "lombardoi" (M. lombardoi)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cichliformes
Family: Cichlidae
Tribe: Haplochromini
Genus: Maylandia
M. K. Meyer & W. Förster, 1984
Type species
Pseudotropheus (Maylandia) greshakei
M. K. Meyer & W. Förster, 1984
Synonyms

Metriaclima Stauffer, Bowers, Kellogg, & McKaye, 1997
(but see text)

Male Maylandia lombardoi

All species in this genus are relatively small fishes, less than 20 cm (7.9 in) in length. Like most Lake Malawi cichlids, exhibit brood care via maternal mouthbrooding. Numerous members of the genus are traded as aquarium fish. They are attractive because they are brightly colored and often very sexually dimorphic; like other cichlids they are not suited for beginners and for most companion tanks.[2]

Name

The name Maylandia, honours the cichlid enthusiast and author about aquaria Hans Joachim Mayland, who died in 2004,[3] was proposed as a subgenus of Pseudotropheus in 1984,[4] naming the long-known but undescribed "Ice Blue Zebra" as the type species.

In 1997 Stauffer et al.[5] described the genus Metriaclima, dismissing the pre-existing Maylandia on the assumption that it lacked a type species and a diagnosis. Two years later Condé and Géry[6] published an analysis and declared Metriaclima to be a junior synonym of Maylandia, and Maylandia hence the valid name of the genus, a view accepted by most ichthyologists.

A few authors, notably Ad Konings, dispute that the original description of Maylandia is sufficient to establish and maintain the genus. They maintain that "Maylandia" is a nomen nudum – literally, a "naked name" that does not validly refer to a group of animals as per the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.[7]

In the present article, following FishBase, Catalog of Fishes and the IUCN, the genus name Maylandia is used.

Male (left) and female Cobalt Zebras (M. callainos) are not dichromatic, but have different mouths

Species

There are currently 30 recognized species in this genus:[8][9][10]

Footnotes
  1. Oliver (2009)
  2. Clarke (2007)
  3. Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (4 December 2018). "Order CICHLIFORMES: Family CICHLIDAE: Subfamily PSEUDOCRENILABRINAE (l-o)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  4. Meyer & Foerster (1984)
  5. Stauffer et al. (1997)
  6. Condé & Géry (1999)
  7. Konings (2001, 2005), Stauffer et al. (1997), Konings & Stauffer (2006)
  8. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Maylandia in FishBase. February 2013 version.
  9. Stauffer, J.R. Jr., Black, K. & Konings, A.F. (2013): Descriptions of five new species of Metriaclima (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi, Africa. Zootaxa, 3647 (1): 101–136.
  10. Li, S.; A. F. Konings & J. R. Stauffer, Jr. (2016). "A revision of the Pseudotropheus elongatus species group (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with description of a new genus and seven new species". Zootaxa. 4168 (2): 353–381. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4168.2.9. PMID 27701342. Abstract
  11. Stauffer, Jr., J. R. (2018). "Description of Metriaclima koningsi, a new species (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Malaŵi, Malaŵi, Africa". Zootaxa. 4370 (1): 95–100. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4370.1.7. PMID 29689858.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Abstract
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References
  • Bailey, Mary (2010): . "Maylandia or Metriaclima – the case for Metriaclima. eggspots no. 4: 39-45.
  • Clarke, Matt (2007): New Metriaclima described. Pract. Fishkeeping. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
  • Condé, B. & Géry, J. (1999): Maylandia Meyer et Foerster, 1984, un nom générique disponible (Teleostei, Perciformes, Cichlidae) [Maylandia Meyer and Foerster, 1984, an available generic name]. Revue Française d'Aquariologie et de Herpetologie 26:(1-2) 21-22.
  • FishBase [2009]: Maylandia species. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
  • International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) (2009): 2009 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. Retrieved 2009-SEP-20.
  • Isbrücker, I. (1998): Maylandia oder Metriaclima ["Maylandia or Metriaclima"]? Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift 51: 813 [in German].
  • Konings, Ad (2001): Malawi Cichlids in their natural habitat (3rd ed.) Cichlid Press, USA. ISBN 0-9668255-3-5
  • Konings, Ad (2005): Maylandia or Metriaclima, ...again!. Retrieved 2007-MAR-02.
  • Konings, Ad & Stauffer, J.R. Jr. (2006): Revised diagnosis of Metriaclima (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with description of a new species from Lake Malawi National Park, Africa. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 17: 233-246. PDF abstract and first page
  • Meyer, M.K. & Foerster, W. (1984): Un nouveau Pseudotropheus du lac Malawi avec des remarques sur le complexe Pseudotropheus-Melanochromis (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae) ["A new Pseudotropheus from Lake Malawi and remarks on the Pseudotropheus-Melanochromis complex"]. Revue Française d'Aquariologie et de Herpetologie 10: 107-112 [in French]. HTML fulltext of genus description.
  • Oliver, M.K. (2002): Maylandia, Metriaclima, or Pseudotropheus?. Version of 2002-JAN-07. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
  • Oliver, M.K. (2003): Validity and availability of Maylandia – The technical details. Version of 2003-JAN-08. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
  • Oliver, M.K. (2009): Checklist of the Mbuna Species Flock. Version of 2009-APR-24. Retrieved 2009-OCT-03.
  • Schraml, Erwin (2009): . "Maylandia or Metriaclima – still a matter of debate?. eggspots no. 2: 5-15.
  • Seegers, L. (1998): Von Roloffia roloffi und Maylandia hajomaylandi ["On Roloffia roloffi and Maylandia hajomaylandi"]. Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift 51: 812-813 [in German].
  • Stauffer, J.R. Jr.; Bowers, N.J.; Kellogg, K.A. & McKaye, K.R. (1997): A revision of the blue-black Pseudotropheus zebra (Teleostei: Cichlidae) complex from Lake Malawi, Africa, with a description of a new genus and ten new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 148: 189-230. Abstract and first page image
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