Max von Gallwitz

Max von Gallwitz
Max von Gallwitz
	Gallwitz on 13 July 1915
Born	2 May 1852; Breslau, Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia; (now Wrocław, Republic of Poland)
Died	18 April 1937 (aged 84); Naples, Kingdom of Italy; (now Naples, Republic of Italy)
Allegiance	German Empire
Service/branch	Army
Years of service	1870–1918
Rank	General
Commands held	Guards Reserve Corps; Twelfth Army; Eleventh Army; Second Army; Fifth Army; Army Group Gallwitz
Battles/wars	World War I

Max Karl Wilhelm von Gallwitz (2 May 1852 – 18 April 1937) was a German general from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia, who served with distinction during World War I on both the Eastern and Western Fronts.[1][2]

Biography

Gallwitz grew up in a Catholic family in Breslau. In 1891, he married Friedrike. They had a daughter and son Werner, who became a lieutenant general in the Second World War. Later, he began the First World War as a corps commander (Guards Reserve Corps) on the Western Front, but was almost immediately transferred east to join the Eighth Army under Hindenburg.[1] In 1915 he took command of Armee-Gruppe Gallwitz[3] (later redesignated Twelfth Army) and participated in the Galicia offensive alongside Mackensen, who commanded the Eleventh Army.[4]

Towards the end of 1915, he succeeded Mackensen as commander of the Eleventh Army, as the latter campaigned against Serbia. In 1916, Gallwitz moved back to the Western Front and defended against the British attack in the Battle of the Somme. He took over command of 2nd Army and of Heeresgruppe Gallwitz - Somme[5] controlling 1st and 2nd Armies. From 1916–18 he commanded the Fifth Army in the west, most notably engaging the Americans during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel.

Following his retirement from the army, Gallwitz served as a deputy in the Reichstag (1920–24) for the German National People's Party.[4]

Awards and decorations

Pour le Mérite (24 July 1915), Oak Leaves added on 28 September 1915
Grand Cross of the Order of the Red Eagle
Order of the Black Eagle (23 December 1917)

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References

Notes

Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Who's Who - Max von Gallwitz, firstworldwar.com
Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Primary Documents - Max von Gallwitz on the Battle of St Mihiel, 12 September 1918, firstworldwar.com
Armee-Gruppe or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.
Rickard, J. (2007-10-03), Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937
Heeresgruppe or Army Group in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.

Bibliography

Sources

DiNardo, Richard L. (2015). Invasion: The Conquest of Serbia, 1915. Santa Barbara: Praeger.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Jung, Jakob (1995). Max von Gallwitz (1852-1937) (in German). Biblio. p. 292. ISBN 978-3-7648-2435-8.

External links

Newspaper clippings about Max von Gallwitz in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

Military offices
Preceded by New Formation	Commander, Guards Reserve Corps 2 August 1914 – 9 February 1915	Succeeded by Upgraded to Armee-Gruppe Gallwitz
Preceded by Upgraded from Guards Reserve Corps	*Commander, Armee-Gruppe* Gallwitz** 9 February – 7 August, 1915	Succeeded by Upgraded to 12th Army
Preceded by Upgraded from Armee-Gruppe Gallwitz	Commander, 12th Army 7 August – 22 September, 1915	Succeeded by General der Infanterie Max von Fabeck
Preceded by Generalfeldmarschall August von Mackensen	Commander, 11th Army 23 September 1915 – 16 April 1916	Succeeded by General der Infanterie Arnold von Winckler
Preceded by General der Infanterie Fritz von Below	Commander, 2nd Army 19 July – 17 December, 1916	Succeeded by General der Kavallerie Georg von der Marwitz
Preceded by General der Infanterie Ewald von Lochow	Commander, 5th Army 17 December 1916 – 27 September 1918	Succeeded by General der Kavallerie Georg von der Marwitz
Preceded by New creation	Commander, Army Group Gallwitz 1 February – 11 November, 1918	Succeeded by Dissolved

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[duffy-1] Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Who's Who - Max von Gallwitz, firstworldwar.com

[2] Duffy, Michael (2009-08-22), Primary Documents - Max von Gallwitz on the Battle of St Mihiel, 12 September 1918, firstworldwar.com

[3] Armee-Gruppe or Army Group in the sense of a group within an Army and under its command, generally formed as a temporary measure for a specific task.

[rickard-4] Rickard, J. (2007-10-03), Max von Gallwitz, German General, 1852-1937

[5] Heeresgruppe or Army Group in the sense of a number of armies under a single commander.