Max Ibel

Max Ibel (1 January 1896 – 19 March 1981) is credited as one of the creators of the Luftwaffe. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

Max Ibel
Born	(1896-01-01)1 January 1896 Munich, German Empire
Died	19 March 1981(1981-03-19) (aged 85) Munich, West Germany
Buried	Munich Waldfriedhof
Allegiance	German Empire  Weimar Republic  Nazi Germany  West Germany
Service/branch	Luftwaffe  German Air Force
Years of service	1915–45 1957–61
Rank	Generalmajor (Wehrmacht) Brigadegeneral (Bundeswehr)
Commands held	JG 3, JG 27
Battles/wars	World War II Operation Donnerkeil
Awards	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Other work	Bundeswehr

Career

Max Ibel was born in 1896 in Munich and joined the Army as a cadet in July 1915, serving with the 1st Bavarian Pioneer battalion, and was commissioned as an officer in August 1916.

When the war ended he remained in the German Army, serving with the First Engineer Battalion in Munich, becoming adjutant in mid 1919. In July 1928 he left the Army for pilot training at the Lipetsk fighter-pilot school in the Soviet Union, where Luftwaffe aircrew were secretly trained. After returning to Germany, in May 1932 Ibel was promoted to Hauptmann, and served as an Instructor with the flight school (Jagdfliegerschule) in Schleissheim. In November 1935 he was promoted to Major. In May 1936 he was transferred to command Jagdgeschwader 134 in Dortmund. From December 1936 to February 1937 Ibel commanded the I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 232 in Bernburg and in March commanded I./Jagdgeschwader 135. In November 1938 he was commander of Jagdgeschwader 231 which was later renamed Jagdgeschwader 3. Ibel then was Geschwaderkommodore of the new Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27), and led JG 27 successfully during the Battle of France and Battle of Britain until October 1940. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 22 August 1940.

In October 1940 Oberst Ibel became Kommandeur of Jagdfliegerschule 4 (Fighter Pilot School), where he remained until June 1941, when he was promoted to Generalmajor, and appointed Jagdfliegerführer 3 (Jafü 3) in occupied France. In February 1942 Ibel acted as liaison officer with the Kriegsmarine during the Channel Dash when the Luftwaffe provided effective air cover over the battle cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, and heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen passage through the English Channel.

In December 1942 he became the Jagdfliegerführer West, and in October 1943 assumed command of 2. Jagd-Division, located in northern Germany. During the last two years of the War Ibel was commander of 2. Jagd-Division and at the very end of the War he became Inspector of Jet operations.

After time as a POW with the Western Allies, Ibel was released in 1948. He rejoined the German Air Force in October 1957 as a Brigadier General.

Awards

• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 22 August 1940 as Oberst and Geschwaderkommodore of JG 27[1]

References

Citations

1. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 239.

Bibliography

• Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
• Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
• Potter, John Deane (1982) [1970]. Breakout. Toronto; New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 978-0-553-20749-1.
• Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.

Military offices
Preceded by none	Commander of Jagdgeschwader 3 Udet May 1, 1939 – September 26, 1939	Succeeded by Oberleutnant Karl Vieck
Preceded by none	Commander of Jagdgeschwader 27 Afrika October 1, 1939 – October 10, 1940	Succeeded by Major Bernhard Woldenga
Preceded by Oberst Werner Junck	Commander of Jagdfliegerführer 3 June 6, 1941 – December, 1941	Succeeded by Major Karl Hentschel
Preceded by Generalleutnant Walter Schwabedissen	Commander of 2. Jagd-Division October 1, 1943 – February 1, 1945	Succeeded by Oberst Gustav Rödel
Preceded by —	Commander of 1. Luftwaffendivision (Bundeswehr) 1 October 1957 – 30 September 1961	Succeeded by Brigadegeneral Herrmann Aldinger