Rawal

Rawal (also spelled Raval) or Raol originally is a (regional) variation -like Rawat- of the Hindi princely ruler title Ra(d)ja(h) (literally "king"[1]) used in some princely states in Rajputana and Western India (notably Gujarat), and is now also used as a caste designation or surname by several communities in Southern Asia.They can be also classified as general category "Brahmins". A village near Sumer has people filled with surname- Rawal of General Category.Also a Kashmiri pandit surname.

Princely titles

Notable (but non-salute) states using this title for their ruling prince were, both under the colonial Mahi Kantha Agency (in the third -high- of seven classes of states) and in present Gujarat :

the Raol of Malpur
the Raol of Mansa

Maharawal

This 'Western' equivalent of the higher (gradually deflated) Hindi title Maharaja (literally 'great king') was notably used by three salute states in Rajputana (presently in Rajasthan), all entitled to a (high-ranking) Hereditary gun salute of 15-guns :

the Maharawal (also called Maharaja) of Jaisalmer
the Maharawal of Banswara
the Maharawal of Dungarpur

and one in Gujarat, entitled to a (rather low-ranking) Hereditary salute of 9-guns (11-guns personal) :

the Maharaol (or Maharawal) of Bari(y)a

As a surname

As a surname, "Rawal" is found among multiple communities in India.

Gurjars or Gujjars[2]
Rajputs[2]
Marathas[3] The Nambudiri priests of the Badrinath and Kedarnath were given the title of "Rawal" by the king of Garhwal in 1776[4][5]
Raval (also known as Rawal or Raval Yogi), an Indian caste categorized among the Other Backward Classes[6][7]
Rawal, a caste found in Pakistan and Pakistani diaspora; its members claim to be the original rulers of Rawalpindi[8][9]
Jat

Individuals named rawal

People with the title or surname Rawal include (in alphabetical order):

Bappa Rawal, legendary ruler of Mewar kingdom India
Rahul Rawal, legendary ruler of Mewar kingdom India
Bhim Bahadur Rawal, Nepali politician
Jam Rawal, ruler of Kachchh princely state in India
Jayakumar Jitendrasinh Rawal, Indian politician
Jitendra Jatashankar Rawal, Indian astrophysicist
Kalpana Rawal, Kenyan lawyer and judge
Lal Bahadur Rawal, Nepali politician
Nisha Rawal, Indian model-actress
Paresh Rawal, Indian actor
Rajendra Rawal, Nepali footballer
Rawal Jaisal, ruler of Jaisalmer state in India
Rawal Mallinath, folk hero of Rajasthan, India
Rawal Ratan Singh, ruler of Mewar state in India
Sanjay Rawal, American documentary film director
Sashi Rawal, Nepali pop singersinger
Vaibhav Rawal, Indian cricketer
Vipul K Rawal, Indian scriptwriter

Other uses

Groups of people

Rawal Bhil, a clan of Bhils

Places

Rawal lake, a reservoir in Pakistan
Rawal Express, a Pakistani train service between Lahore and Rawalpindi
Rawal, Uttar Pradesh

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References

Lindsey Harlan (1992). Religion and Rajput Women: The Ethic of Protection in Contemporary Narratives. University of California Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-520-07339-5.
A. N. Bharadwaj (1994). History and culture of Himalayan Gujjars. Jay Kay Book House.
S. R. Maitra (1998). K. S. Singh (ed.). People of India: Rajasthan. Popular Prakashan. pp. 811–814. ISBN 978-81-7154-769-2.
James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8.
J. P. Singh Rana (1997). Himalayan Heritage. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 8. ISBN 978-81-7533-026-9.
Gopal Krishna (2003). K. S. Singh (ed.). People of India: Gujarat. XXII. Popular Prakashan. pp. 1194–1197. ISBN 978-81-7991-106-8.
S. P. Agrawal; J. C. Aggarwal (1991). Educational and Social Uplift of Backward Classes: At what Cost and How? : Mandal Commission and After. Concept Publishing Company. p. 227. ISBN 978-81-7022-339-9.
T. N. Madan (1 July 1995). Muslim communities of South Asia: culture, society, and power. Manohar in association with the Book Review Literary Trust. p. 132. ISBN 978-81-7304-090-0.
The Ranking of Brotherhoods: The Dialectics of Muslim Caste among Oversees Pakistanis by Pnina Werbner pages 103 to 145 in Muslim Communities of South Asia by T N Madam Manohar publications 1995 page 127

External links

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[1] Lindsey Harlan (1992). Religion and Rajput Women: The Ethic of Protection in Contemporary Narratives. University of California Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-520-07339-5.

[ANB_1994-2] A. N. Bharadwaj (1994). History and culture of Himalayan Gujjars. Jay Kay Book House.

[Singh1998-3] S. R. Maitra (1998). K. S. Singh (ed.). People of India: Rajasthan. Popular Prakashan. pp. 811–814. ISBN 978-81-7154-769-2.

[4] James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8.

[Rana1997-5] J. P. Singh Rana (1997). Himalayan Heritage. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 8. ISBN 978-81-7533-026-9.

[6] Gopal Krishna (2003). K. S. Singh (ed.). People of India: Gujarat. XXII. Popular Prakashan. pp. 1194–1197. ISBN 978-81-7991-106-8.

[7] S. P. Agrawal; J. C. Aggarwal (1991). Educational and Social Uplift of Backward Classes: At what Cost and How? : Mandal Commission and After. Concept Publishing Company. p. 227. ISBN 978-81-7022-339-9.

[8] T. N. Madan (1 July 1995). Muslim communities of South Asia: culture, society, and power. Manohar in association with the Book Review Literary Trust. p. 132. ISBN 978-81-7304-090-0.

[9] The Ranking of Brotherhoods: The Dialectics of Muslim Caste among Oversees Pakistanis by Pnina Werbner pages 103 to 145 in Muslim Communities of South Asia by T N Madam Manohar publications 1995 page 127