Macro-Yaeyama languages

Macro-Yaeyama
Geographic; distribution	Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa Prefecture
Linguistic classification	Japonic Ryukyuan Southern Ryukyuan Macro-Yaeyama; ; ;
Subdivisions	Yaeyama; Yonaguni;
Glottolog	macr1267[1]

Macro-Yaeyama is one of the two branches of the Southern Ryukyuan languages, comprising the Yaeyama and Yonaguni languages. It is defined by the development of "know" as a potential auxiliary, the semantic extension of "nephew" to being gender-neutral, and unique forms of the words exhibited by the table below.

Macro-Yaeyama Innovations
Region of Speech		'bud'	'dirt'	'fresh'	'happy'
Macro- Yaeyama	Ishigaki	báí	gábá	píɾágíɕáːŋ	sánìɕàːŋ
	Taketomi	bəi	gə̀bə́	píːɾèsàŋ	sənisəŋ
	Hatoma	bàì	gàbà	pìɾákèːŋ	sàníjàŋ
	Hateruma	bëː	gaba	piɾiːsahaŋ	sḁn̥iɕahaŋ
	Yonaguni	bai	gaba	çiɾagjaŋ	ɕànáŋ
Miyako	Ikema	miː	fu̥sɨ	çiguɾukai	hu̥kaɾasɨ̥kai
	Ogami	miː	napa	pukuɾukam	pukaɾaskam
	Tarama	fukɨ	naba	piguɭɭaɭ	pu̥kaɾaɕaːɭ
Amami	Ōshima	mɘ̆ː	çîɡ.ɾú	sɨdaɕa	ʔuhoɾaɕa
Okinawa	Nakijin	mìdùɾí	píŋɡù	ɕìdàːɕêŋ	ɸù̥kùɾáɕèŋ

Although Yonaguni has historically been classified as either a primary branch of Ryukyuan or of the Southern Ryukyuan languages, its close relationship with Yaeyama is clear.[2]

References

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Macro-Yaeyama". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
Yamada, Masahiro; Pellard, Thomas; Shimoji, Michinori (2015). Heinrich, Patrick; Miyara, Shinsho; Shimaji, Michinori (eds.). Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages: History, Structure, and Use. Handbooks of Japanese Language and Linguistics. 11. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 18–20. ISBN 978-1-61451-161-8.

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[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Macro-Yaeyama". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Yamada, Masahiro; Pellard, Thomas; Shimoji, Michinori (2015). Heinrich, Patrick; Miyara, Shinsho; Shimaji, Michinori (eds.). Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages: History, Structure, and Use. Handbooks of Japanese Language and Linguistics. 11. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 18–20. ISBN 978-1-61451-161-8.