Macluravirus

Macluravirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Potyviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently ten species in this genus including the type species Maclura mosaic virus.[2][3]

Not to be confused with Maculavirus.
Macluravirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Stelpaviricetes
Order: Patatavirales
Family: Potyviridae
Genus: Macluravirus
Type species
Maclura mosaic virus
Species[1]
  • Alpinia mosaic virus
  • Alpinia oxyphylla mosaic virus
  • Artichoke latent virus
  • Broad-leafed dock virus A
  • Cardamom mosaic virus
  • Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus
  • Maclura mosaic virus
  • Narcissus latent virus
  • Yam chlorotic mosaic virus
  • Yam chlorotic necrosis virus

Description

Similarly to other Potyviridae genera, Macluravirus is characterised by its flexuous filamentous particles, inclusion bodies in infected plant cells and a polyprotein genome strategy.

Unlike the other genera it is transmitted by insects. It also has shorter particles (650-660 nm in length). The genomes are monopartite. The name is derived from the type species, Maclura mosaic virus.[4]

History

The genus was proposed at the ICTV meeting in San Diego in 1998,[5] and subsequently ratified.[6]

Structure

Viruses in Macluravirus are non-enveloped, with flexuous and Filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12-15 nm, with a length of 650-660 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, bipartite, around 8.0kb in length.[2]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
MacluravirusFilamentousNon-envelopedLinearSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.[2]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
MacluravirusPlantsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: aphids
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References
  1. "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  2. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  3. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  4. Description of Plant Viruses
  5. Pringle CR. Virus Taxonomy – San Diego 1998. Virus Division News Arch Virol 143/7 (1998) p. 1453
  6. Pringle C.R. & Fauquet, C.M. (1998). ICTV announcement – ratification of new taxonomic proposals. Arch Virol. 143:2504.
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